biology test 2

Question 1

process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

Answer 1

evolution

Question 2

Born in England, February ?12th, 1809.

Answer 2

Charles darwin

Question 3

Naturalist that had a curiosity ?for all science

Answer 3

Charles Darwin

Question 4

living things compare to fossil

Answer 4

some living organisms looked similar to fossils, some fossils looked nothing like what was still living

Question 5

Darwin’s observations

Answer 5

saw much more diversity in his travels

Question 6

how many beetles did Darwin see during one day in his travels

Answer 6

68

Question 7

what were the Galapagos islands like?

Answer 7

very distinct habitat changes from one island to the next

Question 8

how did Darwin predict what animals he would find?

Answer 8

He could predict them based on their different phenotypes

Question 9

what was Darwin’s advantage?

Answer 9

He could learn from people in the past who were already incorrect, or correct.

Question 10

How old did people use to thing the earth was during Darwin’s time

Answer 10

a few thousand years.

Question 11

Scottish geologist 1785

Answer 11

James Hutton

Question 12

Proposed that earth composed by layers of rock that takes millions of years to form

Answer 12

James Hutton

Question 13

Scottish geologist 1830

Answer 13

Charles Lyell

Question 14

Author of Principles of Geology

Answer 14

Charles Lyell

Question 15

suggested that scientists must explain the past by events that are shaping the earth now

Answer 15

Charles Lyell

Question 16

Asked the question, “ If the earth changes over time, might life change as well.”

Answer 16

Darwin

Question 17

French naturalist 1809

Answer 17

Jean-Baptist Lemarck

Question 18

Thought these three ideas:
1. living things changed over time

2.all species descended from other species

3.all species were adapted to their environments

Answer 18

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 19

Thought that organisms will tend to become better over a few generations

Answer 19

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 20

thought that birds had an urge to fly and kept trying, so they became better

Answer 20

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 21

the changes that occur in an organism’s lifetime will pas to it’s offspring

Answer 21

Inheritance of accuired traits

Question 22

English economist-1789

Answer 22

Thomas Malthus

Question 23

noticed that the human birthrate was exceeding the death rate

Answer 23

Thomas Malthus

Question 24

applied this thinking to animal population and realized that if this were true that any population could overtake the planet

Answer 24

Charles Darwin

Question 25

Humans select natural variation to transform a species

Answer 25

Artificial selection

Question 26

first principal of natural selection

Answer 26

The struggle for existence

Question 27

second principle of natural selection

Answer 27

Survival of the fittest

Question 28

third principle of natural selection

Answer 28

descent with modification

Question 29

All organism’s share a common ancestor at some level

Answer 29

Common descent

Question 30

are an illustrated history of life on earth

Answer 30

fossils

Question 31

structures that were once useful to the organism that have become vestiges

Answer 31

vestigial organs