Taxonomy, Archaea, and Bacteria Flashcards
This is the study of diversity by determining evolutionary relationships of organisms
Sytematics
This is the discipline of identifying, naming and classifying organisms, whether living or extinct.
Taxonomy
This person developed the binomial nomenclature system.
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778)
This system names organisms with two Latin words
Linnaean System
This person developed the system of dividing organisms as either a plant or animal and bloodless and red-blooded (invertebrates & vertebrates)
Aristotle
The Scientific names are composed of two Latin terms, which are?
Genus & Species
In 1960s this person paved the way for the category: Domain
Carl Woese
D-K-P-C-O-F-G-S
What does the G stand for in the taxonomic rank?
Genus
What are the 7 taxonomic rank?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
This cell has no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, the DNA is in an unbound region (nucleoid), and the Cytoplasm is bound by plasma membrane?
Prokaryotic Cell
TRUE OR FALSE:
Prokaryotes thrive almost everywhere due to their ability to adapt to habitats and they are the most abundant organisms on Earth.
True
What are the 3 common shapes of prokaryotes?
Spherical, Rod-shaped, and Spiral
ARCHAEA OR BACTERIA?
They live in extreme environments.
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA OR BACTERIA?
They live in an optimum environment.
BACTERIA
ARCHAEA OR BACTERIA?
Their cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan.
BACTERIAL
ARCHAEAN OR BACTERIAL?
Their cell walls lack peptidoglycan but are composed of compounds that differ across different groups.
ARCHEAN
This method was developed in 1882 to classify a cell walls composition.
Gram Staining Technique
Who developed the Gram stain technique?
Christian Gram (Danish physician)
If a red safranin dye is revealed, what is the outcome of the bacteria’s cell wall?
Gram-negative bacteria
If a crystal violet is seen, what is the outcome of the bacteria’s cell wall?
Gram-positive bacteria
These prokaryotes obtains CO2 / related inorganic compounds
Autotrophs
These prokaryotes feed on organic compounds such as light as their energy source.
Heterotrophs
This autotroph are photosynthetic prokaryotes with its energy source being the light.
Photoautotroph
This autotroph has inorganic chemicals as their energy source and is unique to certain prokaryotes.
Chemoautotroph
This heterotroph are unique to certain aquatic and salt-loving prokaryotes (ex. Rhodobacter Chloroflexus) with its energy source being the light.
Photoheterotroph
This heterotroph has organic chemicals as their energy source.
Chemoheterotroph
TRUE OR FALSE:
Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, an Epsilon are groups of Proteo-bacteria.
TRUE
This bacteria is a major group of prokaryotes w/ plant-like, oxygen generating photosynthesis and is considered one of the most important factors of diversification of life.
Cyanobacteria
TRUE OR FALSE:
Cyanobacteria are abundant components of freshwater and marine phytoplankton.
TRUE
This Archaean releases methane as a metabolic byproduct.
Methanogens
These are Achaeans who thrive at temp. below 15 deg. Celsius.
Psychrophiles
These Archean’s thrive in waters that’s high in salt.
Halophiles
These Achaeans thrive in temp. above 60 de. Celsius (hot temperatures)
Thermophiles
Psychrophiles are commonly found in the waters and soil of what region?
Artic and Antarctic regions
