Taxonomy and Phylogeny or Animals

Question 1

taxonomy

Answer 1

formal system of naming and classifying species

Question 2

systematics

Answer 2

classifying organisms based on similarity, biogeography

Question 3

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 3

classification scheme based on morphology
-binomial nomenclature
KPCOFGS

Question 4

3 criteria for identifying species

Answer 4

1. common descent
2. reproductive community
3. distribution (time and space)

Question 5

species

Answer 5

constitue a population lineage with a history of evolutionary descent separate from other such lineages

Question 6

homology

Answer 6

character similarity resulting from common ancestry

Question 7

characters

Answer 7

organismal features used to construct a phylogeny

Question 8

homoplasy (analogous)

Answer 8

mis-represents common ancestry

Question 9

cladistics

Answer 9

classifies organisms into hierarchical monophyletic groups (actual process of evolution)

Question 10

cladogram

Answer 10

ancestral relations between organisms- branching diagram

Question 11

clade

Answer 11

group consisting of a single organism and all its descendants

Question 12

monophyly

Answer 12

includes the most recent common ancestor an all descendants of that ancestor

Question 13

paraphyly

Answer 13

it includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of a group and some but not all descendants of that ancestor

Question 14

polyphyly

Answer 14

does not include the most recent common ancestor

-has atlas two separate evolutionary origins

Question 15

convergent evolution

Answer 15

independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages

Question 16

secondary loss/ reversion

Answer 16

consist on the reversion of a trait to a state that looks ancestral
(loss of wings in stick insects)