Taxonomy

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

○ Involves decribing, naming, and classifying organisms

Question 2

Nomenclature

Answer 2

○ A system of naming objects

Question 3

Taxon

Answer 3

○ Taxonomic group at any level of hierachical system

Question 4

Monophyletic group

Answer 4

○ Includes all descemdamts of of common ancestor AND common ancestor itself

Question 5

Binomial system of nomenclature

Answer 5

System where all organisms given two word latin scientific name –> AKA species name

Question 6

Common names

Answer 6

different names given to same species

Question 7

varieties scientific name

Answer 7

3 parts

Question 8

Cultivars

Answer 8

cultivated varieties that arised from human activity

Question 9

Wild species nomenclature rule thing

Answer 9

International code of botanical nomenclature

Question 10

where does the naming for vascular plants start?

Answer 10

Species Planatarum

Question 11

Linnaeus

Answer 11

○ Published Species Plantarum
○ Develops latin names
○ Binomials: Abreviated names to two parts
○ Placed one too many species in each genus

Question 12

Cultivated plants rules for naming

Answer 12

International code of nomenclature for cultivated plants

Question 13

rules for naming

Answer 13

1) unique name and description must be published
2) A- type specimen must be deposited at herbarium and available to study

Question 14

A- type specimen

Answer 14

A preserved plant that is deposited is a herbarium

Question 15

Dichotomous keys

Answer 15

○ Used to aid in identifying organisms
- User presented with pair of choices for character states of character or feature of organism

Question 16

Species

Answer 16

○ Set of individuals closely related by descent from common ancestor
○ Fundamental level of classification

Question 17

• Genus

Answer 17

○ Closely related species are grouped together into genera

Question 18

Significant event timeline evolution

Answer 18

1) 3.5 bya Origin of Life
2) 1.5 - 2 bya prokaryote into a eukaryote
3) Eukaryotes evolved to have mitochondria and endoplasmic retuculum, aswell as nuclei, creating hella evokutionary lines

Question 19

how many estimated eukaryote species

Answer 19

9 million

Question 20

name all domains

Answer 20

Domain archaea
Domain Bacteria
Domain Eukarya

Question 21

name all kingdoms

Answer 21

Kingdom Archaeabacteria
○ Kingdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia

Question 22

significance of cyanobacteria

Answer 22

• Produce oxygen, fix nitrogen, have chlorophyll
• Chloroplasts may have originated from cyanobacteria living in other cells
  Symbiotic w shit
• As the Oxygen produced accumulated, photosynthetic organisms appeared and forms of aerobic respiration developed

Question 23

Phylogenic trees and their history or whatever

Answer 23

Phylogenic trees constantly evolving
○ Darwin–> Haeckel –> current(genome sequences)
○ Should only consist of monophyletic groups

Question 24

• Polyphyletic groups

Answer 24

○ derived from more than one common ancestor and is therefore not suitable for placing in same taxon
MORE

Question 25

Paraphylectic group

Answer 25

Descends from one ancestor but does not include all descendant groups
LESS

Question 26

what do different things end in
order
family
kindom

Answer 26

kindgom: ae
Order: ales
Family: eae