Diseased Flashcards
Growth Determining factors
- Affect potential yield
- Ie genetics
Growth limiting factors
- Affect attainable yield
- Ie environmental factors
Growth reducing factors
- Affect Actual Yield
- Ie crop pests
Crop protection
focuses
- Focus: maximizing actual yields
- Reduce impacts of factors
how bad did factors fuck shit up
- These factors caused global losses of 300$ bil USD
(30%-40% of production)
Weed
- A plant growing where unwanted
Disease
- Deviation from normal state of plant due to irritation by pathogen or environmental factor
Biotic diseases are
infectious and transmissible
Abiotic diseases are
non infectious and not transmissible
Canola diseeases
white stem rot
blackleg
clubroot
blackspot
Regulatory strategies
○ Aim to exclude pest from particular area
○ Government level
Cultural strategies
○ Manipulation of environment to make conditions unfavorable
○ First line of defense
○ Ie. Crop rotation, sanitation, and tillage
Biological Control
=Control of pests through other organisms
-Suppressive soils
Types of biological controls
Classical
indundative
augmentative
Suppressive soils
contain microorganisms antagonistic to pathogen
○ Potential for additional benefits by the introduction of antagonistic microbes
Classical control
establish one or more species of biocontrol agents to regulate pests
Inundative control
biocontrol agents mass produced and formulated “biopesticides”, applied where needed
Augmentative control
enhance existing pops of biocontrol agents
Host resistance
the inherint ability of crops to restrict and slow down, even overcome pests
Chemicals
Use pf tpxoc cpom,pounds on plant pathogens
Fungicides, innsecticides, herbicides
Limits on host resistance
some resistances can be overcome
Lack of resistance in plants that are sexually compatible
not available for some pests
Transgenic approach
Genetic engineering to develop plants w desired traits
-herbicide resistance
-Transgenic disease resistance
Transgenic concerns
public concerns over presence of foreign genes
Genome editing
insertion, deletion, or replacment of DNA at specific site in genome of organism
Integrated Pest Management
integration of all available methods for pest control in ways to optimize benefits and minimize costs
Pesticides> bio control > resistance> cultural
integrates pest managament is a
knowledge intensive system
Principle transgenic crops
canola
soybean
maize
cotton
