Task 5

Question 1

ballistic movements

Answer 1

responses that are brief, all-or-none, high speed movements. These responses are not normally influenced y sensory feedack

Question 2

association cortex has two major areas

Answer 2

• the posterior parietal association cortex

- the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 3

posterior parietal association cortex

Answer 3

the portion of parietal neocortex posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex

Question 4

important role of the posterior parietal association cortex

Answer 4

• localization of the body ad external objects in space

Question 5

the posterior parietal cortex is classified as association cortex because

Answer 5

it receives substantial information input from more than one sensory system. It receives information from three sensory systems

Question 6

(much of the )Output of the posterior parietal (association) cortex goes to

Answer 6

areas of the motor cortex : to the dorsolateral prefrontal association cortex, to various areas of secondary motor cortex and to the frontal eye field

Question 7

frontal eye field

Answer 7

a small area of prefrontal cortex that controls eye movements

Question 8

Two consequences of posterior parietal cortex damage

Answer 8

• apraxia

- contralateral neglect

Question 9

apraxia

Answer 9

a disorder of voluntary movement, patients have difficulty masking specific movements when they are requested to do so, not when they do it under natural conditions

Question 10

contralateral neglect

Answer 10

the disturbance of a patient’s ability to respond to stimuli on the side of the body opposite (contralateral) to the side of the brain lesion. Patients often behave as if the left (egocentric left) side of their body doesn’t exist. Even if the patients look to the left, still not more of the object is viewed than before.

Question 11

dorsolateral prefrontal association cortex sends projections to

Answer 11

areas of the secondary motor cortex, the primary motor cortex and to the frontal eye field

Question 12

dorsolateral prefrontal (association) cortex plays a role in

Answer 12

the evaluation of external stimuli and the initiation of voluntary reactions to them

Question 13

dorsolateral neurons different than posterior parietal neurons

Answer 13

are related to the response rather than the object

Question 14

secondary motor cortex receive input from 1.. , and send their output to 2…

Answer 14

1. from association cortex (posterior and dorsolateral)

2. send output to the primary cortex

Question 15

2 areas of the secondary motor cortex

Answer 15

• supplementary motor cortex

- premotor cortex

Question 16

There are more areas to the motor cortex :

Answer 16

1. the supplementary motor areas
2. two premotor areas
3. three small areas: The cingulate motor areas

Question 17

Of what does the supplementary motor area consist

Answer 17

• SMA
• preSMA
• supplementary eye field

Question 18

mirror neurons

Answer 18

neurons that fire when an individual performs a particular goal-directed hand movement or when he or she observes the same goal-directed movement performed by another.

Question 19

mirror neurons may play a role in

Answer 19

social cognition, because mirror neurons respond to the understanding of an action, not to some superficial aspect of it.

Question 20

Has the existence of neurons in humans been confirmed

Answer 20

No, because there are few opportunities to record the firing of individual neurons in humans while conducting behavioural tests

Question 21

primary motor cortex

Answer 21

• It is the major point of convergence of cortical sensorimotor signals
• it is one major point of departure of sensorimotor signals from the cerebral cortex

Question 22

Primary motor cortex is organized

Answer 22

somatotopic ( that is, according to a map of the body)

Question 23

The somatotopic layout is of the human primary motor cortex is referred to as

Answer 23

the motor homunculus

Question 24

Each site in the primary motor cortex receives sensory feedback from

Answer 24

receptors in the muscles and joints that the site influences

Question 25

stereognosis

Answer 25

the process of identifying objects by touch