targeting Flashcards
*6 steps in joint targeting cycle (jtc)
end state and commanders objectives
target development and prioritization
capabilities analysis
commanders decision and force assignment
mission planning and force execution
assessment
*what is the joint targeting cycle
iterative
not time constrained
is a framework
steps may happen concurrently
*describe end state and cdrs obj
Drives tgting
effects, priorities,criteria, requirements, restrictions
*describe target dev and prioritization
evaluation of potential tgt systems
contains vetting and validation of a tgt
each component command determines its prioritization criteria
3 steps
tgt systems analysis (determine relevance)
entity level target developement (from tgt ID to execution)
tgt list management (progression to JIPTL)
*JIPTL creation
Target dev nomination list from each component(land, sea, air, ally, partner, OGA)
candidate tgt list submitted by each component includes restricted and no strike
joint tgt list no restrictions and have military significance. (vetted and validated)
target nomination list prioritized from jtl
jiptl is prioritzed and approved by Deputy JTF commander
ATO is the air tasking
*Describe capabilities analysis
evaluating available capabilities with desired effects to determine appropriate option
4 steps
TVA
Capabilities assignment (weaponeering)
Feasibility assessment (asset tgt interaction)
Effects estimate (CDE and BDA)
*commanders decision and force assignment
fuses capabilities analysis with available forces, sensors and weapons.
OPS primary INTEL supporting.
*mission planning and force execution
Joint Force Commander (JFC) SA on ongoing OPS
component commands do mission command and monitor execution
units perform detailed mission planning and conduct missions
*assessment
measurs progress towards mission completion
*what is targeting
process of selecting and prioritizing tgts, matching appropriate response, and taking into account operational priorities and capabilities
tgting must be sychronized across
time
space
purpose
*five categories of target functions
five-o
facility
individual
virtual
equipment
organization
what is a target
entity or object that performs a function for the enemy considered for possible engagement
*what is deliberate tgting
24-72 hrs
planned targets known to exist
scheduled
on call
*what is dynamic tgting
less than 24 hrs
tgts of opportunity
unplanned (knew about it but didnt want it)
unanticipated (didnt know about it at all)
*3 elements of a combat assessment
bda
munitions effectiveness
reattack recommendation
*what does a SOLE do
Critical to integrating the JSOTF Commanders tgting needs with the Joint Force
coord, synch, and deconflict sof air, ground and subsurface activities with joint air ops
*what are the positive effects of tgting management
applies constant pressure
targets entire insurgent movement instead of individuals
develops effects based offensive strategy with operational patience for higher gains
minimizes collateral damage and create IO opportunities
facilitate interdiciplinary
allows you to take advantage of opportunities
*what are the 5 tgting guidlines(principles)
Focused on commanders obj
effects based (desired effects with least risk and expenditure)
Interdiciplinary particpation of all staff, agencies, orgs, partners
systematic rational and iterative
directs lethal and non leathal for desired effects
*3 main tgt categories
fixed
mobile
human
*what are the 4 steps of D3A
decide
detect
deliver
assess
*Describe DECIDE
overall focus, sets priorities, draws from IPB
*HPT vs HVT
HPT is essential for our sucess. HVT becomes HPT when we have a COA
HVT is essential for enemy success
*describe DETECT
determines accurate, identifiable, timely requirements for collection
focuses on HPT and PIR
*what is vetting vs validation
vetting assess accuracy of intelligence to establish reasonable confidence in a tgts function and charictaristics
Validation ensures vetted tgts meet objectives and criteria in commqnders guidance, LOW, and ROE
*describe DELIVER
executes tgt guidance and supports commanders plan once hpts have been IDd and located
4 Nation-state tgt systems
SOF
Petroleum Industry
Electrical Power
Air Defense Forces
*COG analysis steps
CC, CR, CV
ID end state
Define Primary Critical Capability
Identify COG
Identify Critical Requirements to execute Critical Capability
Identify critical vulnerabilities (of CR)
*what is criticality
Importance of a tgt
how much will its destruction degrad a system
how much will it impair an adversarys will or ability to fight
*what does CARVER stand for
criticality
accessability
recouperability
vulnerability
effects on populace
recognizability
*describe tgt taxonomy
tgt system (radar site)
tgt system component (communicate)
tgt (c2 van)
critical element (c2 comms)
critical damage point (the critical element with best payoff)
*what is the purpose of CARVER
determine military importance of tgt components, priorty, weapons required
*definition of dynamic tgt
tgt id to late or not selected to be included in deliberate tgting. when detected they meet criteria neccesary for mission success
What is F3EAD
Find Fix Finish Exploit Analyze Disseminate
provides leaders with a method to organize resources and array forces across a range of operations. best for tactical level. exploit and analyze are most important.
four goals of tgt exploitation
force protection
targeting component
materiel sourcing
prosecution
*elements of FOCUSED (tgting guidelines)
fully developed tva
collection management alligned with frinedly COA
Every tgt nominated must contribute to attaining cdr obj
achieve obj within parameters and limitations, roe, LOW and cdr guidance
*elements of EFFECTS BASED (tgting guidelines)
creation of specific effects
use tgt taxonomy or cog to determine how a certain thing will hurt enemy
all possible means to achieve goals, use all capabilities. achieve desired effects with least risk and cost.
*elements of INTERDICIPLINARY (tgting guidelines)
use fusion meetings to ensure proper use and intergration of other agencies, other units, host nation.
understand who and what is available
*elements of SYSTEMATIC (tgting guidelines)
rational and iterative
methodically analyses,prioritizes, and assigns assets
*elements of DIRECTS( tgting guidelines)
synch assets through fusion to ensure right asset is directed at right tgt
*Immediate tgt
detected too late to be included in normal tgting process
*time sensative tgt
valuavle tgt that requires immediate response because they pose such a danger to friendly forces
*5 tgt characteristics
physical - 5 senses
functional - what it does and how it does it
Cognnitive - how it processes info or exercises control
Environmental - effect on tgt
Temporal - vulnerability in relation to time available
*challenge with tgting
sift through massive intel
best to keep big picture(macro)
characterize vulnerability with enough detail to get meaningful tgts
*How to overcome the challeneges of tgting
thorough IPB (JIPOE at joint lvl)
strict adherance to processes
PIRs tied to decision point
fusion of s2 and s3
update collection plan and running estimates
*6 steps of Target Value Analysis
Identify threats
Analyze the threat (COG or taxonomy)
ID HVT and CARVER to develop HVTL
Conduct analysis of friendly COA (HPT)
Analyze the HVTL with friendly COA to determine HPT
Carver to develop HPTL
*What is a Combat Assessment Composed of
BDA
Munitions effectiveness
Re-attack recommendation
*what is an MOE
Measure of Effectiveness. (are we doing the right things)
are we creating desired effects/meeting intended purpose
*what is an MOP
Measure of Performance (are we doing things right)
are we effectively completing the task
*4 outputs of DECIDE
HPTL
ISR plan
Tgt Selection standards
Attack guidance matrix
*process for DETECT
Collect and analyze information
develop tgts
pass directly to a firing unit
*outputs of Deliver
execution of Attack Guidance Matrix
number and type of munitiions
unit to conduct attack
response time of attacking unit
*how D3A lines up with MDMP
DECIDE =MA, COA dev, COA analysis, Orders production
detect, deliver and assess all happen after or during execution of order
FIND
ID tgting opportunities
start point for intel collect
FIX
apply intel collect to fix tgt in time and space
FINISH
rapidly execute a known drill and be prepared for follow on ops
lethal combat ops
EXPLOIT
main effort
provide enough actionable intel to perpetuate F3EAD
ANALYZE
Information is turned into intelligence to drive operations
DISSEMINATE
wider dissemination throughout the IC
