Tannenbaum & Schmidt

Question 1

Tannenbaum and Schmidt

Answer 1

Focuses on how a manager should lead the organization. (Leadership patterns)
Looks at the relationship between the level of freedom that a manager chooses to give to a team and the level of authority that is kept by him/her.

Question 2

Patterns of leadership behavior

Answer 2

Manager makes decision and announces it.
Manager sells decision.
Manager presents ideas and invites questions.
Manager presents tentative decision subject to change
Manager presents problem, gets suggestions. Makes decision.
Manager defines limits; asks group to make decision
Manager permits subordinates to function within limit defined by superior

Question 3

Manager makes decision and announces it

Answer 3

Boss identifies problem
Boss considers alternative solution
Boss chooses a solution
Reports decision to subordinates
Implementation

Question 4

Manager sells decision

Answer 4

Manager identifies problem
Manager arrives at a decision
Instead of announcing it, he persuades others to accept it
Recognizes there may be some resistance
Tries to reduce resistance by presenting the good side of his decision

Question 5

Manager presents ideas and invites questions

Answer 5

Manager seeks acceptance of ideas
Gives a chance for subordinates to get a full explanation of his thinking and intentions
Questions are welcome
Wants employees to better understand what manager is trying to accomplish
“Give and take”

Question 6

Manager presents a tentative decision subject to change

Answer 6

Allows employees to have some influence over decision
Identification and diagnosis of problems remains with manager
Decision has already been made, but only tentatively
Before decision is finalized, it is presented to employees for their reaction
“I’d like to hear what you have to say”

Question 7

Manager presents problem, gets suggestions and then makes decision

Answer 7

Manager identifies the problem and asks the group what ideas they have. Everyone gets a chance to talk and the purpose of this is to capitalize on the knowledge and experience of others. Manager then selects the most promising solution.

Question 8

Manager defines limits and asls group to make a decision

Answer 8

Manager passes the right to make decisions onto the group. He defines the problems and boundaries

Question 9

Manager permits group to make decisions within prescribed limits

Answer 9

Group freedom. The team identifies and diagnoses the problem. Comes up with alternative solutions. The manager will set the limits but if he participates he will have the same power as everyone else. The group decides. And their decision is final.

Question 10

Characteristics for Tannenbaum & Schmidt

Answer 10

Manager takes responsibility whether or not he made the decision
Manager determines if his presence will inhibit or facilitate the problem solving process.
The boss should make it clear what management style he wants to take

Question 11

Three forces that impact the choice of managerial styles

Answer 11

Forces in the Manager

• value system
• confidence level for themselves and employees

Forces in the Subordinate
- Dependent on the type of employee: independence, readiness to assume responsibility

Forces in situation

• Type of organization
• Group effectiveness
• The problem itself
• Time pressure