Takeoff Speeds and Limits

Question 1

What is Vef?

Answer 1

• The CAS at which the critical engine is assumed to fail

- must not be less than Vmcg

Question 2

What is V1? how is V1 determined?

Answer 2

• Decision speed
• Speed where crew can take action to reject takeoff and stop within runway limits or continue the takeoff.
• V1 = Vef + 1 second

Question 3

What is Vr?

Answer 3

• Rotation speed

- speed at which pilot can initialize rotation at 3 degrees per second

Question 4

What is Vlof? what are the Vlof limitations?

Answer 4

• CAS at which aircraft becomes airborne
• Vlof must be greater than or equal to 1.05 Vmu (n-1)
• Vlof must be greater than or equal to 1.10 Vmu (n)

Question 5

What is V2? what are the V2 limitations?

Answer 5

• Takeoff Climb speed
• Climb speed that must be reached 35ft above the runway surface
• V2 may not be less than:
  
  • V2min
  • Vr + speed attained before 35ft.

Question 6

What is Vmbe?

Answer 6

• Maximum brake energy speed
• The aircraft must absorb and dissipate heat corresponding to the Ek at decision point (1/2 TOW v^2)
• Vmbe must be greater than or equal to V1.

Question 7

What is Vtire?

Answer 7

• Maximum tire speed
• max speed on the ground that can be reached
• Vtire must be greater than or equal to Vlof

Question 8

what is VA?

Answer 8

• design maneuvering speed
• the highest safe speed for abrupt control deflection for operation in turbulence/gusts
• VA = vs root n
• DOES NOT allow for MULTIPLE large control inputs