Take-off phase Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of takeoff distance on a dry runway?

A

greater of:

  • TOD(N-1 dry): distance from brake release to point 35ft above takeoff surface (assuming critical engine failure at V(EF))
  • 1.15 TOD(N) with all engines operating
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2
Q

What is the definition of takeoff distance on a wet runway?

A

greater of:

  • TOD(dry)
  • TOD (N-1 wet): Distance from brake release to point 15ft above takeoff surface when wet (V2 must be reached by 35ft and critical engine failure at V(EF))
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3
Q

What is the definition of take off run on a dry runway?

A

greater of:

  • TOR(N-1 dry): distance from brake release to point equidistant between V(LOF) and 35ft
  • 1.15 TOR(N dry): distance from brake release to point equidistant between V(LOF) and 35ft
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4
Q

What is the definition of takeoff run on a wet runway?

A

greater of:

  • TOR(N-1 wet): distance from brake release to point at 15ft (ensuring V2 reached by 35ft)
  • 1.15 TOR(N wet)
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5
Q

What effect does a clearway have on TOR and TOD for a dry and wet runway?

A
  • Has no effect on takeoff run for any runway
  • Provides a longer TODA for a dry runway
  • No effect on TODA for a wet runway
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6
Q

What is is the definition of ASD on a dry runway?

A

greater of:

  • ASD(N-1 dry): distance to accelerate to V(EF), 1 sec acceleration to V1, come to a full stop, 2 sec @ V1 speed.
  • ASD(N dry): Accelerate to V1, come to a full stop, 2 sec @ V1 speed.
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7
Q

What is the definition of ASD of a wet runway

A

greater of:

  • ASD(dry)
  • ASD(N-1 wet)*
  • ASD(N wet)*

*Definitions are the same, except the runway is wet

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8
Q

What is the effect on TOD(N-1) and TOR(N-1) if V1 is increased for a given TOW?

A

Reduces both because the all engine acceleration phase is longer, as so if engine does fail, V2 can be achieved at 35ft sooner

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9
Q

What is the effect on TOD(N) and TOR(N) if V1 is increased for a given TOW?

A

No effect

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10
Q

What is the effect on ASD(N-1) and ASD(N) if V1 is increased for a given TOW?

A

Increase in both, because the acceleration phase is longer, and the 2 sec buffer at V1 is a greater distance

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11
Q

What is a balanced field/balanced V1?

A

When the ability to continue or discontinue the takeoff is equal for a given TOW. Nothing to do with airport characteristics

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12
Q

What is the definition of TORA?

A

Take-off run available

-The length of the runway declared by airport authority that is suitable for the ground run of a departing aircraft

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13
Q

What is the TODA?

A

Take-off distance available

-Length of TORA plus any available clearway

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14
Q

What characteristics must a clearway meet?

A
  • Controlled by airport authorities
  • Expressed as a clearway plane extending from end of runway with an upward slope of not more than 1.25%
  • Minimum width not less than 152m
  • Have no protruding objects (threshold lights may protrude 0.66m if they are located to the side of the runway)
  • Clearway length cannot exceed half the TORA
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15
Q

What is the ASDA?

A

Accelerate Stop distance available

-The TORA which may be extended by a Stopway

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16
Q

What characteristics must a Stopway meet?

A
  • At least as wide as RWY and along extended centreline
  • Able to support the a/c during aborted takeoff without causing structural damage
  • Designated by airport authority for use in decelerating the a/c during aborted take off
17
Q

What factors will affect the runway length loss due to alignment?

A
  • Angle of taxiway
  • Length of aircraft
  • Aircraft steering type/max angle
  • Design of taxiway