Appendix/Other Flashcards
What in flight conditions are considered icing conditions?
Vis < 1600m, and
TAT ≤ 10˚C, or
SAT ≥ -40˚C
Or if you see any ice build up
What is considered icing conditions on the ground?
OAT < 10˚C
Vis < 1600m
In visible moisture
When should you apply a temp correction for your altimeter when OAT is less than ISA?
- MDA/DA
- Missed approach altitudes
- Minimum departure, en-route and approach altitudes
What should you do if you do decide to apply a temp correction to an altitude?
Notify ATC
When do you NOT need to apply temp corrections if the OAT is less than ISA?
- to correct barometric reference
- ΑΤC assigned altitude when under Radar control
- If airport temp is at or above min published for the procedure being flown
- If the reported temp is above 0˚C
How does air conditioning affect takeoff performance?
Degrades performance and bleed air reduces thrust
What is the most optimum V1/Vr ratio? What is the total range?
Range between 0.84 and 1 is optimum
Any decrease below 0.84 will increase TOD too much and 1 is the regulatory limit
What are the acceptable V2 minimum values? Old vs fly-by-wire?
- 2 Vs
1. 13Vs1g
What are all the factors the FMGS considers when determining the optimum V1/Vr and MTOW?
TOR (N), TOR(N-1) TOD (N), TOD(N-1) Tyre speed Brake energy ASD 2nd segment Obstacle limitations 1st segment Final T/O
What is the result of increasing V2 on ASD?
It has no DIRECT impact.
Increasing V2 will result in a higher Vr and for a given V1/Vr ratio will therefore result in a higher V1 speed and thus a higher ASD
How does an increase in V2/Vs affect the MTOW limited by TOD, TOR, ASD? for a given V1/Vr ratio?
Decreases the MTOW limited by TOD, TOR, ASD.
All of these lines move down on the graph showing MTOW compared to V1/Vr ratio.
What is the definition of a balanced field?
Ability to stop the aircraft or continue the takeoff at V1 is the same.
It has noting to do with actual airport dimensions/characteristics
What is ACN and PCN? Definition of each?
Aircraft classification Number: Measure of stress aircraft exerts on the ground
Pavement classification number: value given to pavement to describe how much aircraft stress it can handle
What do the PCN things mean?
F/A/X/T
F or R: flexible or rigid
A/B/C/D: high/medium/low/ultra low
X: pressure limit
T or U: data gained by technical survey or by usage
How does ACN and PCN work to analyse weather you can land or not?
If your ACN is below the PCN you can land without further checks
-If your ACN is higher than the PCN you may be able to land by negotiation with the airport company
How is the CoG defined on a large aircraft?
As a percentage of the mean aerodynamic chord
What is the threshold between a low speed and high speed RTO? Who’s decision is it to make the ROT decision?
80kts
Captain’s decision, not necessarily the pilot flying
What actions should the PF take in an RTO?
Close thrust levers
Speed brakes
Wheel brakes
Reverse thrust
What consequences could there be in the case of a high speed RTO?
Brake overheat/ fire
Fuse plugs melt and tyres deflate
Aircraft evacuation (potential pax injuries)
Full emergency just from the RTO
What happens when you continue a take off when the engine fails 2 seconds before V(ef)?
Safety margins reduced Longer TOR Longer TOD Unlikely to crash You will meet climb gradients but your net flight path may not clear by 35 ft (you will be closer to obstacles before you meet gradients)
How does aircraft performance vary with an engine fire vs an engine failure?
Engine failure: 50% thrust loss immediately
Engine Fire: Engine is not shutdown until at least 400ft, it is assumed to have full thrust while it is on fire
What is the minimum turnaround time determined by?
The amount of time it takes for the brakes to cool after the previous landing
( E(previous LDG) + E(from taxi) + E(for RTO) )- E(dissipated during turnaround)
How does the CoG move throughout the flight in a large aircraft? What effect does this have on efficiency?
CoG will move forward
Reduces efficience
What is committal height? What is committal height on a jet?
Height on approach below which you are committed to landing
No committal height for jets - they always have the performance
What things should you consider in the case of a fuel leak?
Could it cause damage or fire?
Is there enough left to divert?
Some checklists require engine shutdown to diagnose source
