Take Home Test 1 (chapts 12-23 excluding 14) Flashcards
Your patient is a 45-year-old female who is allergic to sesame seeds, which she accidentally ingested when she ate a deli sandwich. She is having difficulty breathing and she has hives, watery eyes, a weak pulse of 120 per minute, and swelling of the face and tongue. Which of the following is the best course of immediate action?
A) Contact medical control for orders to administer the patient’s epinephrine auto- injector.
B) Contact dispatch to see where the closest ALS unit is.
C) Insert an oropharyngeal airway (OPA).
D) Transport immediately.
A) Contact medical control for orders to administer the patient’s epinephrine auto- injector.
Which of the following structures do not form part of the thorax?
A) Ischium
B) Manubrium
C) SternumA
D) Ribs
A) Ischium
Although many of the signs and symptoms of shock are the same no matter what the cause, the symptoms follow a logical progression as shock develops and worsens. Arrange the following signs symptoms in the order that they will most likely appear.
- Altered mental status
- Dropping blood pressure
- Nausea and vomiting
- Pale, cool, and clammy skin
- Increased pulse
- Increased respirations
A) 2, 5, 6, 3, 4, 1
B) 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2
C) 5, 3, 4, 2, 6, 1
D) 1, 4, 3, 5, 6, 2
D) 1, 4, 3, 5, 6, 2
You have responded to a patient with shortness of breath. He reports his breathing problems began this morning and have gotten worse over the last few hours. You ask if he has taken anything to help his symptoms and he tells you that he has used his inhaler several times in the last hour. The information you have just gathered can be classified as:
A) relevant past medical history.
B) the history of present illness.
C) part of the SAMPLE history.
D) results of a physical exam.
B) the history of present illness.
There are two main types of dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The main difference between them is:
A) hemodialysis filters the urine and peritoneal dialysis filters the blood.
B) hemodialysis filters the blood and peritoneal dialysis filters the urine.
C) hemodialysis is usually done at a special facility and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at home.
D) hemodialysis is usually done at home and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at a special facility.
D) hemodialysis is usually done at home and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at a special facility.
If a patient is having a myocardial infarction-not an allergic reaction-and receives an epinephrine auto- injection, which of the following will most likely occur?
A) Stronger and faster heartbeat
C) Bradycardia
B) Relief of shortness of breath
D) No reaction if administered inadvertently
A) Stronger and faster heartbeat
What is the danger that an altered mental status can pose to a patient’s breathing?
A) Depressed alveolar function
B) Hyperoxia
C) Loss of muscle tone and airway collapse
D) Bronchospasms
C) Loss of muscle tone and airway collapse
8) Which of the following should be kept in mind when assessing and managing the airway of a pediatric patient?
A) Gastric distention is unlikely.
B) Due to their short necks, pediatric patients require a greater degree of hyperextension to open the airway than do adults.
C) The trachea is easily obstructed by swelling.
D) The tongue is not as likely to obstruct the airway as in an adult.
C) The trachea is easily obstructed by swelling.
You respond, along with fire department Emergency Medical Responders, to a 48-year-old female having a syncope episode in the bathroom. You find the patient sitting on the commode vomiting into the trash can. The vomitus appears to look like coffee grounds and has a foul smell. The patient is pale and has been weak for the past few days. She has:
A) GI bleeding.
C) peritonitis.
B) hernia.
D) abdominal aortic aneurysm.
A) GI bleeding.
What system is a group of organs and glands designed for the specific purpose of reproduction?
A) Renal system
B) Lymphatic system
C) Reproductive system
D) Respiratory system
C) Reproductive system
While assessing the airway of a pediatric patient, you will notice that it is different than that of an adult. Which of the following is one of those differences?
A) The tongue is smaller, taking up less room in the mouth and allowing larger objects to occlude the airway.
B) The trachea is smaller, softer, and more flexible, allowing it to be more easily obstructed.
C) The chest wall is softer, making it easier for the chest to expand.
D) The cricoid cartilage is less developed, reducing the possibility that it can be completely occluded.
B) The trachea is smaller, softer, and more flexible, allowing it to be more easily obstructed.
What two components are directly related to aerobic metabolism?
A) Carbolic acid and air
C) Exercise and water
B) Oxygen and glucose
D) Electrolytes and carbohydrates
B) Oxygen and glucose
13) What is the large, wing-shaped bone on either side of the pelvis?
A) Ischium
B) Pubis
C) Acetabulum
D) Ilium
D) Ilium
You are on the scene of a 48-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain. He has nitroglycerin prescribed and available. After performing your physical examination, you contact medical control and are ordered to assist the patient in taking his nitroglycerin. Five minutes after taking his nitroglycerin, the patient complains of being dizzy and having a headache. You lie the patient down on the stretcher and reassess his vital signs. He is now hypotensive. The patient is suffering from a(n):
A) untoward reaction to nitroglycerin.
B) allergic reaction to nitroglycerin.
C) anaphylactic reaction to nitroglycerin.
D) side effect of nitroglycerin.
A) untoward reaction to nitroglycerin.
Which of the following should increase the EMT’s suspicion of internal bleeding?
A) High-speed motor vehicle collision
B) Penetrating trauma to the chest or abdomen
C) Fall from a height two or more times the patient’s height
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Patients with a history of chronic sickle cell anemia (SCA) may present signs and symptoms?
A) Yellowing of the skin and dyspnea on exertion
B) Flushed appearance and shortness of breath
C) Bluish discoloration of the skin and shortness of breath
D) Pale appearance and dyspnea on exertion
A) Yellowing of the skin and dyspnea on exertion
Which of the following best describes the function of blood?
A) It is a life-giving liquid that supports all the body’s functions to maintain hypoperfusion
B) It transports gases and nutrients, aids in excretion, and provides protection and regulation
C) It flows from the heart with the vital gases and nutrients needed to maintain a lack of perfusion.
D) It clots, flows, transports, protects, and excretes on a daily basis
B) It transports gases and nutrients, aids in excretion, and provides protection and regulation
You are called to a farmhouse on a sunny spring afternoon. Upon arrival, a frantic mother tells you that her 3-year-old daughter was playing in the yard, accidentally stepped on a hornets nest, and was stung repeatedly. The patient is alert, screaming and crying, and can follow her mother’s commands. Her arms and legs are swollen and show the marks of several stings. Her body is covered in hives. Her vital signs are blood pressure 90/40, pulse 110, respiratory rate 24, and oxygen saturation 99 percent. Her lung sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. Her mother states she put “nox-a-sting on the bites but the bites only seemed to get worse. What condition is the patient suffering from?
A) Minor anaphylactic reaction
B) Allergic reaction from the hornets’ stings
C) Anaphylactic reaction from the “nox-a-sting’ swabs
D) Moderate anaphylactic reaction
B) Allergic reaction from the hornets’ stings
A list of potential diagnoses compiled early in the patient’s assessment is known as which of the following?
A) Differential diagnosis
C) Emergency medical diagnosis
B) Traditional diagnosis
D) Assessment-based diagnosis
A) Differential diagnosis
The symptoms or circumstances for which a medication is given are called
A) indications.
B) contraindications.
C) side effects.
D) untoward effects
A) indications.
What is epilepsy?
A) A condition caused by congenital brain abnormalities that causes seizures only twice a year
B) A condition in which a person has generalized seizures that start in childhood
C) A condition in which a person has multiple seizures usually controlled by medication
D) A condition in which a person has an aura followed by seizure usually caused by infection
C) A condition in which a person has multiple seizures usually controlled by medication
Your patient is a 59-year-old female with a sudden onset of slurred speech and weakness on her right side. Which of the following measures is appropriate?
A) Immediately transport the patient to a hospital with specialized treatment for stroke patients.
B) Administer oral glucose and then assess the patient’s blood sugar.
C) Test the patient’s sensation with a series of pinpricks, beginning at the feet and working
upward.
D) Keep the patient in a supine position.
A) Immediately transport the patient to a hospital with specialized treatment for stroke patients.
You are treating a male patient with chest pain caused by the complete occlusion of one of the coronary arteries. What would you most likely expect with this patient?
A) His pain will be alleviated with nitroglycerin.
B) His pain will be reduced with aspirin.
C) His pain will go away with oxygen.
D) His pain will not be alleviated with any of the above medications.
D) His pain will not be alleviated with any of the above medications.
Mr. Green is complaining of severe difficulty breathing after being stung by a bee. His wife states he has had reactions to bee stings before, but not quite this severe. Which medications should you specifically ask him about?
A) Insulin
B) Beta- blockers
C) Epinephrine
D) Antibiotics
C) Epinephrine
Which of the following is the beneficial action of nitroglycerin in some cardiac emergencies?
A) It dilates only the coronary arteries.
B) It slows down the heart.
C) It relaxes blood vessels throughout the body.
D) It increases the strength with which the ventricles contract.
C) It relaxes blood vessels throughout the body.
Your patient is a middle-aged man who appears to be in distress and is clutching his chest. These observations lead you to suspect which type of problem?
A) Choking
B) Digestive
C) Cardiac
D) Anaphylaxis
C) Cardiac
Why is it important to gather a detailed medical history when dealing with a psychiatric emergency?
A) It will help you to determine whether the police are needed.
B) It is not. You want to get the call resolved as quickly as possible and this will just delay it.
C) It will alert you to past issues as well as medication.
D) It will help you to determine whether you need to restrain the patient.
C) It will alert you to past issues as well as medication.
Which of the following statements regarding the administration of nitroglycerin tablets is true?
A) An Increase in blood pressure should be expected.
B) It takes 20 to 30 minutes for nitroglycerin to have an effect.
C) The patent may complain of a headache following administration.
D) If a patient’s pulse rate changes following nitroglycerin administration, it indicates an allergic
C) The patent may complain of a headache following administration.
Your patient is a 35-year-old female with abdominal pain. Which of the following findings cannot be attributed to the patient experiencing pain?
A) Decreased level of consciousness
B) Increased heart rate
C) Shallow respirations
D) Increased respiratory rate
A) Decreased level of consciousness
30) While caring for a 3-year-old child, you should be concerned If his respiratory rate exceeds ___
breaths per minute.
A) 24
B) 30
C) 20
D) 16
B) 30
31) Which of the following is the name given to the condition in which fluid accumulates in the lungs?
A) Dyspnea
C) Pulmonary edema
B) Congestive heart failure
D) Pedal edema
C) Pulmonary edema
What type of blood vessels surround the alveoli?
A) Veins
B) Capillaries
C) Arterioles
D) Arteries
B) Capillaries
Shock is the circulatory system’s failure to provide sufficient blood and oxygen to all the body’s tissues. Which of the following is not a major type of shock?
A) Hypovolemic
B) Hemorrhagic
C) Hypervolemic
D) Cardiogenic
C) Hypervolemic
What is the distinction between anatomy and physiology?
A) Anatomy is the study of body components and systems, and physiology is the study of injuries and disease processes.
B) Anatomy is the study of physical body structures, whereas physiology is the study of emotions and behavior.
C) The terms are synonymous.
D) Anatomy is the study of body structure, and physiology is the study of body function.
D) Anatomy is the study of body structure, and physiology is the study of body function.
35) Which of the following is NOT a typical indication of congestive heart failure (CHF)?
A) Weight loss
B) Jugular venous distension
D) Increased heart rate
C) Productive cough
A) Weight loss
Which of the following signifies a failure in the patient’s compensatory response to blood loss?
A) Tachycardia
B) Tachypnea
C) Pale, cool skin
D) Hypotension
D) Hypotension
Which of the following does NOT occur during inspiration?
A) Diaphragm lowers.
C) Chest cavity increases in size.
B) Diaphragm relaxes.
D) Intercostal muscles contract.
B) Diaphragm relaxes.
38) Which of the following vessels contain blood under the highest amount of pressure?
A) Venules
B) Veins
C) Arteries
D) Capillaries
C) Arteries
The EMT, after administering any medication, must do which of the following?
A) Reconsider the five rights, reassess the patient, and contact medical control.
B) Wait 5 minutes, repeat the medication if needed, and reassess the patient’s vitals.
C) Reassess the patient, document the medication, and report to the receiving facility.
D) Document the route, dose, and time; reassess the patient; and re-administer the medication.
C) Reassess the patient, document the medication, and report to the receiving facility.
What is NOT a result of a mechanical malfunction of the heart?
A) Pulmonary edema
B) Dysrhythmia
C) Cardiogenic shock
D) Cardiac arrest
B) Dysrhythmia
Your unit has arrived on the scene of a multiple vehicle collision where several vehicles have rear-ended each other. You are directed by the Incident commander to care for a 23-year-old female In the first vehlcle. The firefighter on-scene holding manual spinal Immobilization Indicates that her primary complaint Is back pain from her head whipping back and forth from the Impact.
Your understanding of the anatomy of the spinal column and vertebrae suggests that this type of mechanism of Injury results In frequent Injurles to which part of the spinal column?
A) Thoracic solne
B) Sacral spine
C) Cervical spine
D) Lumbar spine
C) Cervical spine
Which of the following Is the proper method of disposing of a used epinephrine auto- Injector?
A) Bend the needle at an angle to prevent accidental punctures and place it in the trash.
B) Leave It at the scene for the patient or his family to dispose of.
C) Take It to the hospital for disposal in the emergency department.
D) Place the device in a rigid biohazardous sharps disposal container.
D) Place the device in a rigid biohazardous sharps disposal container.
Which of the following statements regarding angina pectoris is true?
A) It can be brought on by exertion or stress.
B) It generally lasts 30 to 60 minutes.
C) It is generally relieved by over -the- counter medications.
D) It results in death of a smaller portion of myocardium than does a heart attack.
A) It can be brought on by exertion or stress.
What two body systems are critical for the life support chain?
A) Respiratory and endocrine systems
B) Respiratory and cardiovascular systems
C) Cardiopulmonary and digestive systems.
D) Cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
B) Respiratory and cardiovascular systems
Your patient Is a 34-year-old male complaining of pain “In his right side.” He Is pale and diaphoretic with a heart rate of 90 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 132/80 mmH. The patient is very agitated and anxious. Which approach is most appropriate?
A) Tell the patient that you cannot transport him unless he calms down and lies still
B) Insert an oropharyngeal airway.
C) Try to determine the cause of his pain.
D) Reassure him that you will make him as comfortable as possible and get him to the hospital for additional care
D) Reassure him that you will make him as comfortable as possible and get him to the hospital for additional care
46) What stimulates a mechanical contraction of the cells of the heart, creating a mechanical squeeze used to push blood?
A) Left ventricle
B) Electrical energy
C) Left and right atrium
D) Right ventricle
B) Electrical energy
Which of the following does not commonly lead to anaphylaxis?
A) Cat dander
B) Penicillin
C) Wasp stings
D) Peanuts
A) Cat dander
The opioid triad Includes all of the following except.
A) hypertension.
B) pinpoint pupils.
C) respiratory depression.
D) coma.
A) hypertension.
When the lung collapses without injury or any other obvious cause, It Is called which of the following?
A) Spontaneous pneumothorax
B) Spontaneous pulmonary embolism
C) Spontaneous pertussis
D) COPD
A) Spontaneous pneumothorax
You are treating a 61-year-old who is a chronic alcohol abuser. He is complaining of “snakes slithering around his ankles,” and he tells you that he had only two drinks tonight. You notice that he is sweating, trembling, and anxious. Before you can complete your assessment, he begins to have a seizure. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this situation?
A) The patient could not find an alcoholic beverage and drank antifreeze Instead.
B) The patient is suffering from acute alcohol poisoning.
C) The patient is suffering from alcohol withdrawal.
D) The patient drank mouthwash instead of beverage alcohol.
C) The patient is suffering from alcohol withdrawal.
If an EMT is enlisted to help set up the IV administration set, the first step is to:
A) take out and inspect the fluid bag.
B) make sure the flow regulator is closed.
C) connect the extension set to the administration set.
D) select the proper administration set.
A) take out and inspect the fluid bag.
Your patient is a 44-year-old male with a history of diabetes. He is lying on the living room floor, unresponsive to all stimuli. He has a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute and heart rate of 112 beats per minute, and is pale and sweaty. Which of the following should you do to treat this patient?
A) Place the patient in the recovery position to protect the airway and place oral glucose solution under the patient’s tongue.
B) Place the patient in the recovery position, administer oxygen, and monitor his airway status
C) Encourage the patient’s family to administer his insulin.
D) Apply oral glucose solution to a tongue depressor and insert it between the patient’s cheek and gums.
B) Place the patient in the recovery position, administer oxygen, and monitor his airway status
You are treating a 28-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant. She has a history of bee sting anaphylaxis and was stung by a bee while in the garden. She is having severe respiratory distress and her blood pressure is 72/50 mmHg. Which of the following is the best option for the EMT?
A) Transport rapidly, bypassing the emergency department and taking the patient directly to the obstetrics unit of the hospital.
B) Administer the EpiPen® only on the advice of medical control.
C) Immediately administer the patient’s EpiPen®
D) Do not administer the EpiPen® under any circumstances.
B) Administer the EpiPen® only on the advice of medical control.
Your patient is a 22-year-old male who has ingested a large amount of alcohol and is vomiting. He is conscious but uncooperative. He allows you to examine him but refuses transport to the hospital. You have sought assistance from law enforcement on scene. Which of the following is the best action?
A) Contact medical direction for further advice.
B) Find a relative or neighbor to come over and stay with the patient.
C) Obtain a witnessed refusal.
D) Stay with the patient until he has stopped vomiting.
A) Contact medical direction for further advice.
Which of the following terms refers to the delivery of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of wastes at the body’s cellular level?
A) Circulation
B) Cardiopulmonary response
C) Perfusion
D) Compensation
C) Perfusion
You are called to a residential neighborhood at 12:30 A.M. Your patient has just finished eating a super-sized meal of deep fried fish. He is now complaining of a “crampy” pain in the right upper quadrant and has had two episodes of nausea and vomiting with green vomit. What condition do you suspect that your patient is experiencing?
A) Cholecystitis
B) Intestinal obstruction
C) Appendicitis
D) Peptic ulcer
A) Cholecystitis
Which of the following is the most proper dose of inhaled medication the EMT can assist the patient with administering?
A) The number of sprays directed by medical control
B) One spray
C) Two sprays
D) As needed until respiratory status improves
A) The number of sprays directed by medical control
Which of the following may be a sign or symptom of a problem with the heart?
A) Chest discomfort
B) Nausea, with or without vomiting
C) Fainting or near fainting
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following respiratory rates is considered an abnormal respiratory rate for an adult?
A) 16 breaths/min
B) 12 breaths/min
C) 20 breaths/min
D) 8 breaths/min
D) 8 breaths/min
Which of the following would you expect to hear when auscultating the lungs of a patient having an anaphylactic reaction?
A) Clear, adequate air movement
C) Wheezing
B) Fine, wet crackles or rales
D) Coarse-sounding rhonchi
C) Wheezing
Which of the following is a sign of adequate artificial ventilations in a pediatric patient?
A) The breath is delivered easily
B) Pulse rate slows down.
C) Pulse rate increases..
D) You notice cyanosis developing around the mouth.
C) Pulse rate increases..
Which of the following is recommended in situations in which a tourniquet must be used?
A) Remove the tourniquet as soon as bleeding is controlled to minimize further damage to the limb.
B) Use a material that is wide and thick.
C) Apply the tourniquet over the elbow or knee.
D) Apply a bulky dressing and bandage over the tourniquet.
B) Use a material that is wide and thick.
Your patient is a 15-year-old male with a history of multiple prior hospitalizations for asthma. Upon your arrival, the patient responds only to painful stimuli and is making very weak respiratory effort. Which of the following should you do next?
A) Assist the patient with his inhaler.
B) Assist the patient’s ventilations with a bag- valve- mask device and supplemental oxygen.
C) Contact medical control.
D) Check the patient’s oxygen saturation level.
B) Assist the patient’s ventilations with a bag- valve- mask device and supplemental oxygen.
Which of the following actions Is the mast appropriate for the EMT to take when managing a patient with a behavioral emergency?
A) Remain calm and reassure the patient.
B) Establish control of the situation by a show of force.
C) Quickly perform a head- lo- toe exar and transport without delay.
D) Find out If the patent’s Insurance covers psychlatric treatment.
A) Remain calm and reassure the patient.
What is another name for the shoulder blade?
A) Pharynx
B) Patella
C) Scapula
D) Clavicle
C) Scapula
You are on the scene at an office building where a 32-year-old male Is described as having difficulty breathing and chest paln. The patent is allergic to peanuts and thinks he may have accidentally Ingested some cookies with peanuts in them this afternoon during his break. He is pale with a pulse rate of 158 and a respiratory rate of 36. You understand that a fight-or-flight response may have been activated in this patient, Involving which nervous system and which hormone?
A) Sympathetic nervous system and Insulin
B) Parasympathetic nervous system and insulin
C) Sympathetic nervous system and epinephrine
D) Parasympathetic nervous system and epinephrine
C) Sympathetic nervous system and epinephrine
Which of the following is the reason why Infants rarely experience anaphylactic reactions?
A) Infants have not yet developed antibodies to allergens.
B) Infants have received natural Immunity to allergens from their mothers before birth.
C) Allergens do not affect infants
D) None of the above
A) Infants have not yet developed antibodies to allergens.
The wrist Is ________ to the elbow.
A) Inferior
B) distal
C) dorsal
D) medial
B) distal
Which patient would most likely benefit from the administration of activated charcoal?
A) 48-year-old man who attempted sulcide by drinking Drano®
B) Unresponsive 28-year-old female who overdosed on sleeping pills
C) 28-year-old male who is suffering from food poisoning after eating eggs contaminated with salmonella
D) Alert 16-year-old female who overdosed on Tylenol®
D) Alert 16-year-old female who overdosed on Tylenol®
Which of the following Is the correct method of suctioning?
A) Begin suctioning as you insert the suctlon tip or catheter Into the mouth.
B) Insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction.
C) Suction continuously, both while Inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter.
D) Suction Intermittently, both while Inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter.
B) Insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction.
You are called to a farm for a possible Insecticide poisoning of one of the workers. Your first action is to:
A) bag the patient before he dies
B) decontaminate the patent.
C) call for speciallzed hazardous materials units.
D) call for an ALS unit.
C) call for specialized hazardous materials units.
72) Hemodialysis is used to help the kidneys filter______and remove excess_______
A) blood; cholesterol
B) electrolytes; hormones
C) toxins; fluids
D) urine: poisons
C) toxins; fluids
What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?
A) Dorsal
B) Posterior
C) Caudal
D) Anterior
D) Anterior
Which of the following describes the Fowler position?
A) Sitting upright with the legs straight
C) Lying on the stomach
B) Lying on the side
D) Lying flat on the back
A) Sitting upright with the legs straight
Which of the following techniques of physical examination must an EMT master?
A) Observation, palpation, and auscultation
B) Visualization, percussion, and auscultation
C) Auscultation, observation, and percussion
D) Percussion, inspection, and palpation
A) Observation, palpation, and auscultation
You are dispatched to a private residence for a 52-year-old African American male sitting in his living room complaining of chest pain. During your assessment, he discloses that he has the sickle cell trait. Because of this you should:
A) be prepared to treat for shock if he also has a high fever.
B) treat the patient as any other 52-year-old with chest pain.
C) monitor for signs of inadequate respiration.
D) administer high-concentration oxygen.
B) treat the patient as any other 52-year-old with chest pain.
Which of the following is one advantage of using heuristics?
A) It allows you to treat the patient during diagnosis.
B) It provides a more accurate diagnosis.
C) It speeds up the process of diagnosis.
D) It slows the process of diagnosis.
C) It speeds up the process of diagnosis.
Which of the following indicates a possible circulatory problem?
A) Slow pulse
B) Rapid pulse
C) Weak, thready pulse that is normal in rate
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Which of the following statements concerning people who have made prior suicide attempts is true?
A) They are at an increased risk for a subsequent successful suicide.
B) They should be allowed to sign a release if their injuries are not serious.
C) They do not require psychological counseling like a person who is depressed.
D) They are usually just making a cry for help but do not want to die.
A) They are at an increased risk for a subsequent successful suicide.
Which of the following is a general term used to refer to a problem with the heart?
A) Myocardial infarction
B) Congestive heart failure
C) Cardiac dysrhythmia
D) Cardiac compromise
D) Cardiac compromise
Which of the following is a sign of an Inadequate airway?
A) Equal expansion of both sides of the chest on inhalation
B) Nasal flaring
C) Regular chest movements
D) Movement of air around the mouth and nose
B) Nasal flaring
Your patient is an unresponsive 30-year-old male wearing a Medic- Alert bracelet indicating that he is a diabetic. The patient’s coworkers came by his house to check on him when he did not show up for work and did not call in sick. Your assessment does not clearly indicate to you whether the patient may be hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic. Which of the following should you do next?
A) Apply oxygen and begin transport without taking further action.
B) Use the patient’s glucometer to check his blood sugar level.
C) Use your glucometer to check his blood sugar level.
D) Administer oral glucose, as it will not cause additional harm in hyperglycemia but may prevent brain damage if the patient is hypoglycemic.
A) Apply oxygen and begin transport without taking further action.
With regard to medical terminology, a prefix is:
A) the combination of any two or more whole words.
B) a modifier that indicates if a term is singular or plural.
C) added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.
D) the foundation of a word or term.
C) added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.
Which of the following is the LEAST effective method of controlling bleeding?
A) Direct pressure
B) Tourniquet
C) Elevation
D) Herostatic agent
C) Elevation
You are approaching a 16-year-old male with bright red spurting blood coming from his leg He is screaming and he begs you to help him. You should:
A) assess his airway.
C) control the bleeding.
B) apply oxygen.
D) ask him to calm down.
C) control the bleeding.
Platelets are actually fragments of larger cells that are crucial to the formation of clots. Clumping (called aggregation) of platelets is the body’s most rapid response to stop bleeding from an injured site. However, in some situations the clumping of platelets is not desirable, such as when a plaque in a coronary artery ruptures. In this situation, the rapid clumping of platelets can cause a clot that then completely blocks the coronary artery and results in a heart attack (myocardial infarction).
One of the most effective and widely available drugs to prevent the aggregation of platelets is:
A) aspirin.
B) hemoglobin.
C) plasma.
D) acetaminophen.
A) aspirin.
You are on the scene of a 5-year-old patient who is in respiratory distress. The mother states that the patient has been making a “seal bark”-sounding cough for the past 24 hours. The child is very scared. The patient has stable vital signs. He is leaning forward in the tripod position and is drooling profusely. After performing your primary assessment, what is your best treatment option?
A) Provide oxygen by BVM.
B) Provide high-concentration oxygen and have the parent hold the mask to the patient’s face.
C) Use a tongue depressor to examine the patient’s mouth to determine whether the patient has strep throat or croup.
D) Calm the child as much as possible and provide high-concentration oxygen.
D) Calm the child as much as possible and provide high-concentration oxygen.
Which of the following Is NOT indicated in the management of a patient in shock?
A) Managing the patient’s airway and preventing hypoxia
B) Engaging in high-speed ambulance transportation
C) Preventing loss of body heat by covering the patient with a blanket
D) Considering proper positioning of the patient
B) Engaging in high-speed ambulance transportation
You respond to a local swim park for a 29-year-old male who was stung by a bee and “passed out. Upon arrival, you find the patient unresponsive to all stimuli with agonal respirations at 6 per minute. You Insert an oral airway and administer oxygen at 15 liters per minute by bag-valve mask. You notice that It is difficult to bag the patient. Your partner listens to lung sounds and states they are very diminished in the upper fields and absent in the lower fields. What Is the best action?
A) Request orders from medical control for an emergency cricothyroidotomy.
B) Request orders from medical control to administer epinephrine.
C) Hyperventilate the patient.
D) Request an ALS unit.
B) Request orders from medical control to administer epinephrine.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than alert?
A) He may not have adequate blood circulation.
B) He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep.
C) His brain may not be getting enough oxygen.
D) He requires high-concentration oxygen.
B) He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep.
patient who has shallow, slow, irregular, gasping breaths is said to have respirations.
A) confused
B) hypoxic
C) agonal
D) cyanotic
C) agonal
Which of the following is one of the most common characteristics of a stroke?
A) Weakness on one side of the body
B) Projectile vomiting
C) Sudden, severe headache
D) Sudden onset of violent behavior
A) Weakness on one side of the body
How does aspirin actually reduce the chances that a patient suffering a heart attack will die?
A) It reduces the inflammation in the heart.
B) It reduces the ability of the blood to form clots.
C) It reduces the amount of pain in the heart.
D) It prevents a deadly fever from developing.
B) It reduces the ability of the blood to form clots.
Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general impression?
A) Detecting odors
B) Listening for unusual sounds
C) Looking for visual clues
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Volatile chemicals are agents that are able to change easily from a _____into a______
A) liquid; gas
B) solid; liquid
C) solid; vapor
D) gas; liquid
A) liquid; gas
When managing a patient who may hurt himself or others, you should do all of the following except:
A) keep bystanders a safe distance away.
B) make sure only you and the patient are in the room.
C) watch for sudden changes in the patient’s behavior.
D) retreat if the patient becomes threatening.
B) make sure only you and the patient are in the room.
You respond to a 75-year-old female who is complaining of epigastric pain that feels liKe heartburn and radiates to the right shoulder. Her vital signs are stable and she has a previous history of myocardial infarction. She has prescription nitroglycerine tablets. An ALS unit is en route. After performing a physical examination and applying oxygen by nasal cannula, you should:
A) transport the patient in the supine position for shock.
B) contact medical control regarding the administration of the patient’s nitroglycerin.
C) apply the AED and prepare for imminent cardiac arrest from a myocardial infarction.
D) cancel the ALS unit: this is just gallstones and BLS can transport.
B) contact medical control regarding the administration of the patient’s nitroglycerin.
Which of the following is an action caused by epinephrine in anaphylaxis?
A) Bronchoconstriction
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Vasoconstriction
D) All of the above
C) Vasoconstriction
Which of the following is not part of the upper extremities?
C) Calcaneus
A) Scapula
B) Clavicle
D) Carpals
C) Calcaneus
All of the following can result in airway obstructions except:
A) burns.
B) facial trauma.
C) infections.
D) the tongue.
D) the tongue.
