Cardiology (Part2) Flashcards
A 55 year-old female complains of pressure in her upper abdomen. She tells you it is started while she was sitting at her desk doing paperwork. She has a history of hypertension and high cholesterol. Her vital signs are P 88 and irregular, R 16, BP 140/86, and SPO2 is 95% on room air you should administer:
A) Aspirin
B) Oxygen by nasal cannula
C) antacid
D) Oxygen by simple face mask
A) Aspirin
An 85-year-old man tells you he woke up sweaty and nauseated. He tells you he, has a funny feeling in his chest that he cannot specifically describe. He tells you he has a history of diabetes and hypertension. His lungs are clear to osculation. His vital signs are P104 and irregular, R 14, BP102/88, and SPO2 is 91% on room air. You should first:
A) assess for orthostatic hypotension.
B) assist with the administration of nitroglycerin
C) administer oxygen
D) assess his blood glucose level
C) administer oxygen
Which of the following can result in the occlusion of a coronary artery?
A) increase the stomach vascular resistance
B) pulmonary artery embolism
C) arthrosclerosis of a coordinate artery
D) reduce cardiac output
C) Arthur Squillace of a coronary artery
Why should you administer aspirin to a patient whom you suspect has cardiac compromise?
A) to dilate, coronary arteries at the site of the ruptured plaque
B) to reduce clotting at the site of a ruptured coronary plaque
C) to dissolve a ruptured coronary plaque
D) to provide analgesic effects at the site of a ruptured coronary plaque
B) to reduce cladding at the site of corrupted coronary plaque
An 81-year-old male is experiencing chest pain. He has no signs of dypsnea or shock. Why should you target oxygen and administration to a SPO2 between 94% and 99%?
A) to increase vasodilation
B) to increase carbon dioxide removal
C) to reduce production of free radicals
D) to reduce platelet aggregation
C) to reduce production of free radicals
What causes discomfort associated with angina?
A) myocardial tissue strain
B) myocardial tissue hypoxia
C) increased intracellular pressure
D) decreased Lactate production
B) myocardial tissue hypoxia
A 28 year-old female complaints that she feels like she is going to pass out. She tells you this started suddenly after ingesting several energy drinks. Her vital signs are P172, R 18, BP 96/76, and SPO2 is 98% on room air. What should you suspect in causing her complaint?
A) neurogenic shock
B) increased cardiac output
C) tachycardia
D) stroke
C) tachycardia
A 65-year-old male complains of generalized weakness. He tells you that he almost passed out earlier today. His lungs are clear to ausculation. His vital signs are P 44, R 16, BP 96/68, and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should suspect:
A) respiratory distress
B) cardiogenic shock
C) obstructive shock
D) respiratory failure
B) cardiogenic shock
A 66-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of dizziness. She tells you she thinks she has the flu. Her lungs are clear to osculation, and she has had good chest expansion. Her skin is pale, warm, and dry. Her vital signs are P 48R 16 BP 88/56, and SPO2 is 93% on room air. You should suspect:
A) reduced cardiac output
B) increase sympathetic stimulation
C) poor Alveolar ventilation
D) influenza
A) reduced cardiac output
32-year-old male complains of nearly passing out and nausea. He tells you he feels a fluttering in his chest. He has a 26 pack year, smoking history. You osculate scattered bronchi in the basis of his lungs. His vital signs are P168, R 14, BP 92/58 and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should suspect:
A) respiratory failure
B) reduced cardiac output
C) vasovagal syncope
D) in digestion
B) reduce cardiac output
An 80-year-old female complains of a suddenly regular heartbeat. She tells you she feels weak and nauseated. Her vital signs are P128 and irregular, or 16, BP 148/92, and SPO2 is 95% on air you should suspect:
A) cardogenic shock
B) ventricular fibrillation
C) a stroke
D) cardiac arrhythmia
D) cardiac arrhythmia
59-year-old male complains of dizziness and palpitations. He denies Dyspnea. His vital signs are P178, R 16, BP 92/56 and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should:
A) administer oxygen by nasal cannula
B) assist with the administration of nitroglycerin
C) administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask
D) administer aspirin
B) administer oxygen
A 52-year-old female complains of waking up lightheaded. Her skin is pale and diaphoretic. You ausculate clear lung sounds. Her vital signs are P 46, R 16, BP 86/58, and SPO2 is unattainable. You should:
A) administer aspirin
B) administer oxygen
C) assist with the administration of nitroglycerin
D) attached the AED
B) administer oxygen
A 50-year-old male has a new onset of palpitations in his chest. He denies pain or difficulty breathing. He has a history of smoking and hypertension. You ausculate course crackles scattered in his lower lungs. His vital signs are P116 and irregular, R 14, BP 148/92, and SPO2 is 95% on room air. You should:
A) administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask
B) assist with the administration of nitroglycerin
C) transport him
D) administer oxygen by nasal cannula
C) transport him
27-year-old female complains of palpitations and dizziness. She denies any past medical history. Her vital signs are P188, R18, BP 88/62, and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should first;:
A) administer oxygen
B) transport her
C) administer aspirin
D) attach the AED
A) administer oxygen
39-year-old male complaints of severe fatigue. He denies pain or difficulty breathing. He tells you he has myocarditis last year and since then his heart rate has been slow his skin is pale. His vital signs are P 54, R 16, BP 114/84, and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should:
A) transport him
B) administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask
C) administer oxygen by nasal cannula
D) administer aspirin
A) transport him
Why would a 21 year-old female who has a regular pulse of greater than 160 have signs of cardiogenic shock?
A) electrical impulses are not conducted efficiently
B) oxygen diffusion is decreased because of increased perfusion
C) myocardial cells do not have enough time to polarize
D) preload is reduced to a decreased atrial filling time
D) preload is reduced to a decreased atrial filling time
Why would a 20 year-old male who has a regular pulse less than 50 have signs of hypoperfusion?
A) his atrial filling time is too long
B) diastolic is decreased
C) coronary artery filling time is reduced
D) his cardiac output is too low
D) his cardiac output is too low
A 44 year-old female tells you she feels palpitations and short of breath. She tells you she is taking medication to treat her atrial fibrillation. Her lungs are clear to auscultation. Her vital signs are P106 and irregular, R 18, BP 146/84, and SPO2 is 95% on room air. You should.:
A) administer aspirin
B) administer oxygen by nonrebreather
C) transport her
D) administer oxygen by nasal cannula
D) administer oxygen by nasal cannula
An unresponsive 84 year-old male was found in bed. His skin is pale and diaphoretic. His lungs are clear to auscultation and have equal expansion. His vital signs are P 38, or 16, BP 82/58, and SPO2 is 90% on room air. You should:
A) attach the AED
B) assist his ventilation
C) begin chest compressions
D) administer oxygen
D) administer oxygen
An unresponsive 54 year-old female is apneic and pulseless. Your partner begins chest compressions while you attach the AED and analyze the rhythm. The AED announces, “shock advised.” You should suspect:
A) a pulseless of ventricular tachycardia
B) aystole
C) super ventricular tachycardia
D) pulseless electrical activity
A) a pulseless of ventricular tachycardia
You are resuscitating and unresponsive 90-year-old male who is in cardiac arrest. After the AED and analyzes his rhythm, it advises you should shock him. What cardiac rhythm should you suspect he is in?
A) Wolff, Parkinson White syndrome
B) ventricular fibrillation
C) atrial fib
D) paroxysmal super ventricular tachycardia
B) ventricular fibrillation
An unresponsive 88 year-old female is apenic and pulseless. You’re performing chest compressions. Your partner attaches the AED and analyzes her rhythm. The AED announces, “no shock advised.” You should suspect;
A) the patient was moving while the AED was analyzing the rhythm
B) pulseless electrical activity
C) ventricular fibrillation
D) your partner did wait until after two minutes of compressions before on analyzing her rhythm
B) pulseless electrical activity
An unresponsive 71-year-old male is lying in his bed. His wife tells you that she last saw him normal last night when he went to bed. You should first;
A) perform a stroke assessment
B) assess his breathing and pulse
C) assess his blood glucose level
D) move him to the floor
B) assess his breathing and pulse
An unresponsive 17-year-old female is taking occasional, gasping breaths. Her lips and tongue are cyanotic. You are unable to palpate a carotid pulse. You should suspect:
A) respiratory failure
B) pulmonary embolism
C) respiratory distress
D) opioid agonist use
D) opioid agonist use
You were called to a school for a nine-year-old male who is acting strangely. His teacher tells you that during class, he had several episodes of sitting at his desk, staring into space and briefly not responding. He answers your questions correctly and tells you he does not remember the episodes. What type of seizure should you suspect?
A) psycho motor
B) focal motor
C) absence
D) temporal lobe
D) temporal lobe
An unresponsive two month old female had a single seizure. Her father describes a single tonic clinic type seizure that lasted two minutes. He tells you that she has not woken up since the seizure. As you begin to assess her, she begins to have another generalized seizure. You should first:
A) begin transport
B) apply a cervical collar
C) assess her vital signs
D) insert an oropharyngeal airway
A) begin transport
The mother of a five-year-old male tells you that he was vomiting earlier today and complained of moderate pain around his umbilicus. She tells you that just before she called, the pain worsened, and he now has severe pain. When you ask him where the pain is the worst, he points to the right lower abdominal quadrant. His vital signs are P 98, R 26, BP 96/64, and SPO2 is 98% on room air. You should suspect:
A) pancreatitis
B) appendicitis
C) inflammatory bowel disease
D) gastroenteritis
B) appendicitis
A 10 month old female has a 2 inch soft bulge under the skin of her belly button. Her father tells you that the bulge appears after she was coughing. She does not cry when you palpate her abdomen. You should suspect and:
A) tumor
B) diaphragmatic rupture
C) hernia
D) ascites
C) hernia
A 10 month old male is crying after he was stung by a bee. The skin around the site is red, and there is localized swelling. His lungs are clear to ausculation, and he is interacting with you appropriately. His vital signs are P 120, R 28, BP 90/58, and SPO2 is 98% on room air. You should:
A) assist his ventilation
B) monitor him and transport
C) administer oxygen
D) administer a pediatric ENF for an auto injector
B) monitor him and transport
Why would the Fontenelle of an eight month old female who has meningitis bulge?
A) the brain is herniating
B) the Fontenelle is dilating
C) the meninges are weakend
D) the ICP has increased
D) the ICP has increased
A three-year-old male is lethargic and does not respond appropriately. His mother tells you he has constantly been tired and drinking more fluid than normal for several weeks. His conjunctivae appear dry his vital signs are P 130, R 40, BP 58 systolic and SPO2 is 98% on room air. You should suspect.
A) hyperglycemia
B) organophosphate exposure
C) carbon monoxide exposure
D) anaphylactic shock
A) hyperglycemia
An unresponsive 10-year-old female passed out at the playground. Bystanders tell you she was acting confused before she collapse. Her skin is pale and moist. She localized to painful stimuli. Her vital signs are P 100, R 26, BP 114/72, and SPO2 is 98% on room air. You should suspect:
A) vasovagal syncope
B) hypoglycemia
C) absence, seizure
D) opioid overdose
B) hypoglycemia
A one month old male has bilateral circumferential superficial burns from his midcalf to his toes. He is crying and inconsolable. His mother tells you she placed him in the tub and then accidentally filled the tub with hot water. You should suspect.:
A) non-accidental trauma
B) limb, threatening injuries
C) life-threatening injuries
D) accidental trauma
A) non-accidental trauma
A six month old female is cyanotic and slow to respond to stimuli. Her father tells you he found her this way on the floor and removed an empty balloon from her mouth. Her pupils are pinpoint. Her vital signs are P 72 and R 16. After you begin to ventilate her, you should:
A) administer naloxone
B) assess her blood pressure
C) begin chest compressions
D) ask her father to discard the balloon
A) administer naloxone
An unresponsive seven month old male is found next to bottle of his grandmother’s OxyContin. There are several tablets on the floor next to him. His skin is cyanotic, and you observe, occasional gasping respirations. You should suspect:
A) ingestion of an opioid
B) increased intracranial pressure
C) hypoglycemia
D) hyperglycemia
A) ingestion of an opioid
Why can I four-year-old female who is in sickle cell crisis experience chest pain?
A) her cells are unable to metabolize oxygen
B) her beds are lacerated
C) her pulmonary micro circulation is occluded
D) her hemoglobin is unable to transfer oxygen to the cells
C) her pulmonary micro circulation is occluded
A three month old male is crying inconsolable. His mother tells you he has not been feeding and has had diarrhea all day. His fontanelle is depressed, and you do not observe any tears. His vital signs are P 170, R 40, and his capillary refill is three seconds. You should suspect:
A) increased intracranial pressure
B) dehydration
C) meningitis
D) super ventricular tachycardia
B) dehydration
You are assessing a newborn female one minute after she was born. Her body is pink and her extremities are blue. She has a strong cry. She has some movement of her extremities and withdraws her foot when you tap it. Her vital signs are P 168 and R 56. You should suspect she:
A) will need assisted ventilation
B) is tachycardic
C) is healthy
D) we need supplemental oxygen
C) is healthy
An eight-year-old female, who has a history of autism fractured, her lower leg. Before applying the splint, you should:
A) ask her father to hold her down while you and your partner apply the splint
B) tell her the splint will be tight to keep her leg from moving
C) tell her that the splint immobilized her leg, so she doesn’t feel any more pain
D) ask her father to distract her by turning the lights off and on while you apply the splint
B) tell her the splint will be tight to keep her leg from moving
A 23 year-old female just delivered a full-term male infant. You should first:
A) suction his mouth
B) dry and stimulate him
C) suction his nose
D) clamp the cord 8 inches from his abdomen
B) dry and stimulate him
An 11-year-old male who has a history of autism has difficulty breathing. You observe, intercostal retractions, and he answers basic questions. While caring for him, you should:
A) treat him in the same manner as other patients
B) only perform necessary, assessments and treatments
C) perform a complete tote head assessment
D) use humor and vague descriptions to inform him of your next assessment and treatment steps.
B) only perform necessary, assessments and treatments
A 32-year-old female complains of throbbing right sided headache. She tells you the lights are bobbing her eyes and she feels nauseated. Her face is symmetrical, and both arms move equally. Her speech is clear, and she uses appropriate words. You should suspect a:
A) tension, headache
B) bell’s palsy
C) transient ischemic attack
D) migraine
D) migraine
A 24-year-old male has a single episode of tonic chronic seizure activity. He is awake when you arrive and is unaware of what happened. He tells you he ran out of his seizure medication. His vital signs are P 72, R 16, BP 138/68, and an SPO2 is 95% on room air. You should:
A) monitors, vital signs and transport
B) administer oxygen
C) administer oral glucose
D) transport him in the recovery position
A) monitors, vital signs and transport
An unresponsive 58-year-old male had a single seizure prior to your arrival. By strangers tell you that she hasn’t woken up since she stops shaking. While you are performing your assessment, she has a brief tonic. Followed by generalized clinic activity. You should next:
A) administer oxygen by nasal cannula and assess her vital signs
B) assess her blood glucose level and administer oral glucose if needed
C) remove her clothing and begin to cool her
D) protect her head and begin transport
D) protect her head and begin transport
What is the most common cause of seizures in an adult?
A) increased intracranial pressure
B) rapid elevation of body temperature
C) remove her clothing and begin to cool her
D) sub therapeutic levels of anti-convulsive medication
D) sub therapeutic levels of anti-convulsive medication
A confuse 60-year-old female complaints of generalized weakness after working outside on a hot, humid day. Her skin is hot and moist. After moving her to your air-conditioned ambulance, you should next:
A) cover her with a dry sheet
B) dry her skin
C) apply cold packs to her groin
D) assess her vital signs and blood glucose level.
C) apply cold packs to her groin
A 21-year-old male complains of abdominal pain. His abdomen is soft to palpation, and the pain is the greatest in his left upper abdominal quadrant. He tells you his stool has been maroon and color for the past two days. His vital signs are P104, R 16, BP 110/88, and SPO2 is 94% on room air. You should suspect:
A) renal calculi
B) peritonitis
C) upper G.I. bleeding
D) lower G.I. bleeding
C) upper G.I. bleeding
If you’re 24-year-old female complaints of severe abdominal pain. She tells you the pain began around the navel and then move to her right lower abdomen. Her vital signs are P 78, R 14, BP 122/76, and SPO2 is 96% on room air. You should:
A) transport her supine
B) transport her in a position of comfort
C) administer aspirin
D) administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask
B) transport her in a position of comfort
Which of the following will irritate the peritoneum the quickest?
A) a kidney infection
B) a fractured spleen
C) lacerated liver
D) ruptured appendix
D) ruptured appendix
