Taeniasis and Cysticercosis Flashcards
Cysticercosis is primarily a ________ disease
Rural
What are some factors of Cysticercosis?
Poor sanitation, dietary habits, open-air fecalism, pigs placed in courtyards to clean human feces
What is the parasite responsible for Cysticercosis?
Taenia solium
Place the events of the life cycle of Taenia Solium in order
a. Human infected by eating raw or improperly cooked pork meat
b. Larva forms cysts in pig muscles
c. Embryos release into intestine and migrate to brain, where cysticerci develops
d. Adult tapeworms produce proglottids, which leaves body in feces and discharges eggs
e. Pigs ingest embryonated eggs that hatch into oncospheres in intestine and develop into cysticercus
f. Ingestion of T. solium eggs by fecal contamination
g. Cysticerci release from meat and enter intestine, where it matures into an adult tapeworm
a, g, d, e, b, f, c
Which life cycle event causes taeniasis?
Adult tapeworms developing in the intestine and attaching by the scolex
What life cycle event causes human cysticercosis?
Human ingestion of embryonated eggs by fecal contamination and embryo transforming to cysticercus after migration to the brain from the intestine
What life cycle event causes porcine cysticercosis?
Pigs ingesting eggs and cysticercus developing in the tissues
Where do new proglottids arise?
At the base of the scolex
True or false: Proglottids are hermaphroditic
True
True or false: Cestodes do not lack GI tract
False, they lack a GI tract
What are the 3 functions of Taenia tegument?
Absorptive, excretory, digestive
How many hooks are found in the ovum?
Six
What are the three modes of infection?
Egg ingestion, autoinfection, reverse peristalsis of gut content
True or false: Taenia ovum can survive the harsh acidic conditions of the stomach
True
How do oncospheres enter the portal circulation?
They anchor to intestinal mucosa and lyse enterocytes, entering blood vessels
Identify the histogenetic fate of the oncosphere with the type of cysticercus
a. Develops in compact denser surroundings such as muscle, sub-cutaneous tissues or brain parenchyma
b. Develops in open spaces such as subarachnoid space or ventricles of the brain
a. Cystic type of cysticercus
b. Branched racemosus type cysticercus
True or false: Cysticercus found in the eye is classified as the cystic type of cysticercus
True
What are the drugs used to treat partial parenchymal cyst?
Praziquantel, Albendazole and corticosteroids
What is the treatment for multiple parenchymal cyst?
No treatment
True or false: Racemosus type cysticercosis is curable
False, the cyst fluid is highly inflammatory and incurable at the base of the brain
Why does a ruptured racemosus cyst cause inflammation?
Antigen release from the rupture
What clinical feature of racemosus cysticercosis causes blindness and an increase of intracranial hypertension?
Ventricular accumulation of CSF
Which immune response predominates during asymptomatic neurocysticercosis?
Th2 response
Which immune response is associated with symptomatic neurocysticercosis?
Th1 response
