T4: EQ1 & EQ4 —> Slough Flashcards
General info
- Slough has the fastest population increase in England (16.3%)
- Population increase of 6.4% from 2001 - 2011
- Exists in Berkshire and runs across M4 andCrosslink
Economic changes
- greatest investment out of London and SE England
- Slough trading estate - Mars, Dulux, Equinox, O2, Lego
- Europe’s largest trading estate owned by a single company
- demand for housing —> increased prices in Slough
- cheaper than London
- cultural-specific services
Political changes
- Planning protects green belt and attracts families
- Selective schools attracts international migrants & families
- Investment in crosslink and infrastructure alongM4 corridor
- More housing estates to help population grow5 in London
How does physical geography help Slough?
- close to London —> young families live in Slough and commute to work
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Proximity to Heathrow —> attracts migrants from abroad diversifying Slough
De-industrialisation of North leads to internal migrationto Slough - Lowland —> good climate and land availability
Social/ population structure
- 46.9% —> Asian
- 35.9% —> White
- 7.5% - black
- 150 languages
- Youngest town in all of UK
Issues in Slough
P: Slough council is in £480 million debt
E: Demand increasing house prices and Abu Dhabi investment in Queensmere
S: High crime —> 129% of the national average for violent crime
- white flight
What impacts population changes in Slough (ages)
Young: large
- Pakistani immigrants —> high fertility rate —> cultural differences and conditions in source country
- Education —> young families moving to Slough from other areas in the UK
Middle-age:
- Jobs —> Slough trading estate attracts workers
- Commuter belt —> families move to Slough and commute to London
Elderly:
- Accessible rural —> emigrate to rural areas away from Slough
- Family —> may still in Slough due to families and enclaves
- life expectancy —> lower than neighbours —> royal Windsor & maidenhead
Population changes to Slough
- 140,000 people
- Birth rates of 20.9/100 —> Highest in SE
- 420 babies/month in Wexham hospital
- Ageing population from baby boomers ageing
- slowing birth rates
Changes to population demographics (gender & race)
- Pakistani: rose by 1.1% in 10 years
- White: dropped by 9.7% in 10 years
- Black/ Caribbean/ African: dropped by 1%
- Asian: rose by 6
- only 55.1% of Slough is born in England rising
What are the main strategies for managing change in Slough (5)
- Aik Saath —> bottom-up charities
- The curve —> top-down
- Cross link/ Elizabeth line —> top-down
- Arbour Park - top down
- Urban regeneration investment
- Knife angel
Was Aik Saath successful as a form of management?
- “Together as One” —> aim to increase social cohesion/ assimilation —> set up to reduce gang violence
- Founded in 1990 after Amritsar temple violence
- Provides workshop especially to youth and social opportunities
Success:
- Year 4 —> British values workshops
- Before workshop —> 6.9% understood value of self-knowledge, esteem and confidence
- 3 months later —> 78.6% remembered
- Also reduces knife violence, racism, faith
Unsuccessful:
- does not help middle-aged/ elderly
How has the curve been successful as a form of management in Slough
- The curve —> cultural, study, theatre and library space opened in 2016
Successful:
- social place for children
- good for child development, education, mental health
- free & accesible
Unsuccessful:
- 2024 —> almost shut because expensive to run
How has cross link/ transport options been successful for Slough?
- M4 corridor & Elizabeth line
Successful:
- connected to London and Reading creating good transport on the commuter belt
- tourism benefits
- job benefits for people
- TNC/ trading estate
Unsuccessful:
- can have damages/ be imperfect
- led to house price increases —> increase by £204,000 between 2019 & 2024
How has Arbour Park been successful management?
Arbour park:
- community sports centre and stadium —> 3G football pitch & capacity of 2000 —> bars, conference rooms
Successful:
- Kick it Out Equality Club —> equality
- Facilities for youth, men and women
Unsuccessful:
- have to pay for it —> excludes some
- not many facilities for elderly
How has urban regeneration been successful in Slough
Urban regeneration:
- Knife angel
- Uplift —> national police programme
- 927 homes/year —> Horlick’s factory (brownfield site)
- unemployment down —> 5.2% to 3.7% between 2022/2023
What has impacted international/ internal migration to Slough
International:
- 6th largest economy
- A8 accession —> 2004 (impacts by Brexit?)
- A2 accession —> 2007 (impacts by Brexit?)
Internal:
- bridge-header community for Asians
- cultural-specific services
- older people disliking change
