Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Embryology > T10- Cardiovascular system development > Flashcards

T10- Cardiovascular system development Flashcards

1
Q

Pectinate muscles

A

Trabiculated muscles that line right and left atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sinus venarium

A

smooth reigon of atrial wall between openings of vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fossa ovalis

A

located on interatrial septum; embryological location of foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Right auricle

A

flap that externally overlaps the ascending aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Interatrial septum

A

separates right and left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

where deox blood passes through RA to RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the tricuspid and bicuspid valve held in place by?

A

chordae tendinae which are connected to papillary muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are trabiculae carnae

A

muscular, irregular ridges in RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Interventricular septum

A

separates right and left vetricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Blood flow of deox blood

A

pulmonary valve->pulmonary trunk->left/right pulmonary arteries-> lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Oxy blood enters LA via:

A

right/left superior and inferior pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the valve of the foramen ovale located

A

Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Blood exits LA via what

A

Bicuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Blood flow of oxy blood

A

aortic valve->aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Coronary sinus opens into what

A

right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When and how do cells of primordial heart and primordial BV appear

A

middle of third week as a U-shaped heart field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Splanchnopleure differentiates into what

A

angioblasts which cluster as angioblastic cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Angioblastic cords canalize to form what

A

endocardial heart tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do endocardial heart tubes fuse as a single heart tube

A

lateral folding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Heart tube is suspended in the pericardial cavity via what

A

Dorsal mesocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Super cool thing #1 (days 22-28)

A

dorsal mesocardium degrades into transverse pericardial sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Super cool thing #2 (days 22-28)

A

3 layers of heart: endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Endocardium

A

inner endothelial lining derived from endothelial tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Myocardium

A

Middle muscular layer derived from splanchnic mesoderm; starts off as cardiac jelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Epicardium

A

Comes from secondary heart field; forms coronary vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Heart looping What is it?

A

A series of contractions and dialations of the heart tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Heart looping Position of truncus arteriosus (TA)

A

continuous cranially with aortic sac; stuck in position because of pharyngeal arch arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Heart looping Sinus venosus (SV)

A

recieves venous blood; “stuck” in position because of septum transversum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Heart looping Step 1

A

BC and PV grow faster than rest of heart tube initiating “looping”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Heart looping Step 1: how does the cranial end of heart tube move?

A

The cranial end bends ventrally, caudally, and slightly to the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Heart looping Step 1: how does the caudal end of heart tube move?

A

The caudal end shifts dorsally, cranially, and slightly to the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Heart looping Step 2

A

PV and BC start to form trabiculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Heart looping Step 2: what does trabiculated PV become?

A

Primative left ventricle

34
Q

Heart looping Step 2: what does trabiculated BC become?

A

Primative right ventricle

35
Q

Heart looping direction (normally)

A

counterclockwise

36
Q

Dextrocardia

A

result of clockwise heart looping

37
Q

Whart are initial heart “contractions”

A

peristalsis like waves that begin caudally at SV and travel cranially toward TA

38
Q

When is uniderectional blood flow clearly established?

A

by end of week 4

39
Q

What separates primordial atrium from primordial ventricle

A

Atrioventricular canal

40
Q

Where do dorsal and ventral endocardial cusions form?

A

on dorsal and ventral surfaces of AV canal

41
Q

Fusion of dorsal and ventral cusions lead to what?

A

right AV canal and left AV canal

42
Q

Which day is this

A

day 20

43
Q

Which day is this

A

day 21

44
Q

Which day is this

A

day 22

45
Q

Which day is this

A

day 28

46
Q

When and how do the right and left AV canal form

A

during week 5, when cushions are invaded by mesenchyme, proliferation causes them to grow and fuse together

47
Q

Interatrial septum formation

How does the septum primum grow?

A

from the roof of the primordial atria, down towards the center endocardial cushion

48
Q

What is the foramen primum?

A

the space between the leading edge of septum primum and central endocardial cushion

49
Q

Fate of sinus venosus veins on the right

Right sinus horn

A

Becomes incorporated into the right atrium forming the smooth sinus venarium of the dorsal right atrium; connects superior and inferior vena cava

50
Q

Fate of sinus venosus veins on the right

Right common cardinal vein

A

Forms a portion of the SVC

51
Q

Fate of sinus venosus veins on the right

Right anterior cardinal vein

A
  • during the 8th week a venous shunt forms which connects the right and left ant. cardinal veins, this shifts bloodflow from left to right
  • forms portion of the SVC caudal to the shunt
52
Q

What does the venous shunt that forms at the 8th week become?

A

The left brachiocephalic vein

53
Q

Right posterior cardinal vein

A

develops with early kidneys; transforms and regresses along with those tissues

54
Q

Fate of sinus venosus on the right

Right umbillical vein

A

regresses

55
Q

Fate of the sinus venosus on the right

Right vitelline vein

A
  • forms a portion of the IVC
  • forms most of the hepatic portal system
56
Q

Fate of the sinus venousus on the left

Left Sinus horn

A

Becomes coronary sinus

57
Q

Fate of the sinus venousus on the left

Left common cardinal vein

A

regresses

58
Q

Fate of the sinus venousus on the left

Left anterior cardinal vein

A

Same thing as the right anterior cardinal vein except caudal to the shunt, the left anterior cardinal vein regresses

59
Q

Fate of the sinus venousus on the left

Left posterior cardinal vein

A

develops with the early kidneys; will transform and regress along with those tissues

60
Q

Fate of sinus venosus on the left side

Left umbillical vein

A
  • Cranial part (between heart and liver) regresses
  • Caudal part persists as umbillical vein
61
Q

What is the ductus venosus and what does it do

A

it is a large venous shunt that connects the umbillical vein to the IVC so that embryonic oxygenated blood can bypass the liver and go directly to the heart

62
Q

Fate of the sinus venosus on the left side

Left vitelline vein

A

regresses

63
Q

Fate of vitelline arteries

A

Celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesentaric artery

64
Q

Fate of umbillical arteries

A

Proximal parts: become internal illiac arteries and superior vesicle arteries

Distal parts: become medial umbillical ligaments

65
Q

Vitelline arteries in embryo

A

travels along omphaloenteric duct towards umbillical vessicle

66
Q

Umbillical arteries in embryo

A

Branches off the dorsal aorta and travels along the umbillical cord carrying poorly oxygenated blood towards the placenta

67
Q

Dorsal aortae in embryo

A
  • Connected to Aortic Sac via Pharyngeal Arch Arteries within pharyngeal arches
  • Initially, paired Dorsal Aortae run the entire length of the embryo
68
Q

Fate of dorsal aortae

A

Left side becomes the primative aorta and the right side regresses

Caudal portions fuse to form a single thoracic/abdominal aorta

69
Q

What happens to the first pharyngeal arch arteries?

A

They largely disappear, but the remnants form part of the maxillary arteries

70
Q

What happens to the second pharyngeal arch arteries

A

They largely disappear, but the dorsal remnants form the stem of the very small Stapedial arteries

71
Q

What happens with the third pharyngeal arch arteries

A

Proximal parts form the common carotid arteries

Distal parts join the distal aorta to form the interal carotid arteries

72
Q

Where do the external carotid come from?

A

They are an offshoot from the root of the ICA

73
Q

Which week is this

A

week 8 onwards

74
Q

What do the 4th pharyngeal arch arteries form

A

the proximal part of the right subclavian artery, and on the left, a small segment of the aortic arch

75
Q

What happens to the 5th Pharyngeal Arch arteries

A

absent or rudimentary and will degenerate

76
Q

What happens to the 6th Pharyngeal Arch arteries

A

On the right, the proximal part forms a small portion of the Right Pulmonary artery; distal part degenerates

On the left, the proximal part forms a small portion of the left pulmonary artery; distal part forms the ductus arteriosus

77
Q

Fate of the Umbillical vein

A

Becomes the ligamentum teres

78
Q

What is the function of the superior vesicle arteries in the neonate

A

supplys the bladder with arterial blood

79
Q

What does the ductus venosus become

A

The ligamentum venosum

80
Q

What does the ductus arteriosus become

A

ligamentum arteriosum

Embryology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions