T1- Queen, Government And Religion 1558-69

Question 1

One reason why Elizabeth’s gender was a problem

Answer 1

Belief that women were weak- made England vulnerable to invasion.
Concerns over who she would marry- the man would have a lot of power.

Question 2

Why was religion a problem for Elizabeth when she became queen?

Answer 2

England had been through years of religious change and turmoil. The country between Catholics and Protestants

Question 3

Why was Elizabeth’s legitimacy questioned by some in England?

Answer 3

Henry VIII had declared Elizabeth illegitimate soon after he executed her mother.
Catholics do not recognise divorce Henry VIII’s marriage to Anne Boleyn was no legitimate.

Question 4

Which country posed the greatest threat of invasion when she became queen?

Answer 4

France

Question 5

Who did the monarchs have to consult to get more money?

Answer 5

Parliament

Question 6

How many times did Parliament meet during Elizabeth’s reign?

Answer 6

13 times out of

Question 7

What was the name of the body of Elizabeth’s advisers?

Answer 7

The Privy Council

Question 8

How many men were in the Privy Council?

Answer 8

19

Question 9

What was the name of the growing middle class?

Answer 9

Gentry

Question 10

How much debt did Elizabeth inherit?

Answer 10

£300,000

Question 11

What were the two aims of the Religious Settlement?

Answer 11

1. To heal the division between Catholics and Protestants.
2. To maximise her personal power by controlling as much of the church as possible.

Question 12

Who was Sir Francis Walsingham?

Answer 12

Close advisor of Elizabeth and her spy master.

Question 13

Who was Robert Dudley the Earl of Leicester?

Answer 13

Leading nobleman, advisor, and favourite of Elizabeth.

Question 14

What did Elizabeth do in 1559 to solve to religious turmoil?

Answer 14

The Religious Settlement. Also known as the Middle Way.

Question 15

Two features of the Act of Supremacy 1559?

Answer 15

1. Elizabeth was Supreme Head of the Church of England. This meant Catholics recognise the Pope as the Head of Church.
2. Archbishops and Bishops were kept. This pleased Catholics.

Question 16

Two features of the Act of Uniformity 1559?

Answer 16

1. Bible was written in English. Ornaments such as crucifixes and candles were allowed in churches. Priests had to wear traditional- style Vestments.

Question 17

Two features of the Act of Uniformity 1559?

Answer 17

1. Bible was written in English. Ornaments such as crucifixes and candles were allowed in churches. Priests had to wear traditional- style Vestments.
2. Failure to attend church meant you would be fined.

Question 18

How were the two Acts ( Uniformity+Supremacy ) viewed at the time?

Answer 18

Majority were happy but Puritans and extreme Catholics thought it gave too much away to the other side.

Question 19

What is a Puritan?

Answer 19

An English Protestant who wanted to further simplify the Church of England and remove anything related to Catholicism.

Question 20

How did the Religious Settlement affect the Clergy?

Answer 20

8000 priests took the oath of supremacy showing their support for the Acts introduced. However only 1 bishop took the oath so 27 new ones were appointed.

Question 21

Name two features of the Crucifix controversy

Answer 21

1.Elizabeth allowed crucifixes but Puritans disagreed.
2.This lead to several Puritan Bishops threatening to resign. So Elizabeth backed down and removed crucifixes from the church.

Question 22

Two features of the vestment controversy

Answer 22

1. Elizabeth wanted priests to wear special vestment but many Puritans refused.
2. A special exhibition was held to show what vestments they should wear. The priests who didn’t show up lost their posts. Elizabeth won this battle.

Question 23

How did the Pope challenge the Religious settlement and what impact did it have?

Answer 23

The Pope told people not to go to Sunday Mass. This had virtually no impact.

Question 24

What proportion of the nobility were Catholics?

Answer 24

1/3 (30%)

Question 25

Why were some of the Catholic nobles unhappy with the Religious Settlement?

Answer 25

Elizabeth preferred her Protestant advisors over her Catholic ones. This saw a decrease in Catholic noble’s political power and influence.

Question 26

What is a heretic?

Answer 26

People who didn’t believe in the teachings of the Catholic Church.

Question 27

What is a recusant?

Answer 27

Someone who refuses to attend Sunday Mass.

Question 28

How did Elizabeth reduce the threat of France?

Answer 28

Elizabeth gave France Calais.

Question 29

Two reasons why Spain was unhappy with Elizabeth in 1559?

Answer 29

1. Elizabeth had supported Dutch Protestants.
2. Elizabeth had stolen gold from a Spanish ship.
3. Elizabeth had refused to marry Phillip.

Question 30

Three reasons why Mary Queen of Scots was a threat to Elizabeth in 1558?

Answer 30

1. She was next in line for the throne.
2. She had close links with France.
3. She was Catholic.

Question 31

How did Elizabeth deal with Mary in 1568?

Answer 31

Elizabeth put her under house arrest.

Question 32

In what year did the Pope excommunicate Elizabeth?

Answer 32

1570

Question 33

Why was the excommunication of Elizabeth important?

Answer 33

This meant that English Catholics did not have to be loyal to Elizabeth.

Question 34

When was the Treason Act?

Answer 34

1571

Question 35

What did the Treason Act state?

Answer 35

Anyone denying Elizabeth’s supremacy and bringing in the excommunication of Elizabeth will be executed.

Question 36

What did the Treason Act state?

Answer 36

Anyone denying Elizabeth’s supremacy and bringing in the excommunication of Elizabeth will be executed.