T1 - HTN/HLD Flashcards
Stage I HTN 130-139/80-89
Stage II HTN =
> = 140/90
Meds that can elevate BP
oral contraception, NSAIDS, Antideptressants, decongestants, antiretrovirals, sudden dc of something like clozapine (alpha2-adrenergic agonist)
Pt with HTN gets an ECG every _____
Year
Perform what prior to initiating combination anti hypertensive therapy
Orthostatic vital signs.
Non-orthostatic patients with BP 160/100 - initiate _____
Two-drug therapy
When should you f/u after initiating BP meds
1-4 weeks
When prescribing ACE/ARB, monitor ____
Potassium
Black patients recommend to initiate _______
Asian patients _______
CCB and/or thiazide
CCB or ARB
Best HTN Meds in HF:
ACE or ARB + BB + diuretic + spironolactone.
Best HTN med for post MI/clinical CAD
ACE or ARB + BB
Best HTN med for Diabetes
ACE or ARB, CCB diuretic
Best HTN med for CDK
ACE or ARB
First line HTN med in pregnancy
Labetolol
Nifedipine
Methyldopa.
Chlorthalidone superior to HCTZ
_______ needed with GFR <40
Loop diuretic
Review SE acronyms for CCBs, BBs, ACEi and ARBs
Med of choice for recurrent stroke prevention
ACEi/diuretic
Statins work on HMG co-reductase pathway inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol
VLDL and LDL-C TOGETHER are more indicative of atherosclerosis than either alone
Optimal LDL ____
High LDL____
Very high LDL ______
Optimal HDL _____
Low HDL ____
Total cholesterol optimal ____
Total cholesterol high ____
<100
160-189
>190
>60
<40
<200
>240
Low ASCVD ___
Borderline ASCVD ____
Intermediate ASCVD ____
High ASCVD ____
<4.9
5-7.4
7.5-20% - start with mod-intensity statin
>20% - start with high intensity statin
What USPSTF grade is a 55yo with no hx of CVD, >=1 CVD risk factor and calculated 10y CVD event (ASCVD) 7.5-10%?
>10% risk?
C - after discussing with patient could offer low-mod dose statin
B initiate low-mod intensity statin.
Pt >75yo with no hx of CVD - should they use statins?
No. USPSTF says grade I after 75yo
Bile acid sequestrants are not recommended for _____
Triglycerides >300
Which pharmacotherapy class decreases triglycerides, VLDL and LDL-C and raises HDL?
Fibric Acid derivatives.
High intensity lowers LDL-c on average by _____
Mod-Intensity by ___
Low - intensity by _____
50% or more
30-50%
<30%
T/F: Atorvastatin is used as a low-intensity statin therapy
False! Atorvastatin is only used for mod-intensity (10mg) and high (40-80mg)
Pravastatin is used for ____ and ____intensity statin therapy
Low (10-20mg)
Moderate (40mg)
AR - High
SPL - low
ARSPL - moderate
New patients to you who you prescribe anti-hyperlipedemics to should f/u in _____
4-6 weeks
Lab f/u in 4 weeks
Statins can lower both ____ and _____
LDL and HDL :(
