T1: History of Public Health Nursing

Question 1

Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601

Answer 1

guaranteed assistance for poor, blind, and “lame” individuals

Question 2

Public Health Service (PHS)

Answer 2

established in 1798 as the Marine Hospital Service; provided health care for merchant seamen and protected seacoast cities from epidemics.

Question 3

Shattuck Report

Answer 3

this report called for major innovations; the establishment of a state health department and local health boards in every town; sanitary surveys and collection of vital statistics; environmental sanitation; food, drug, and communicable disease control; well-childcare; health education; tobacco and alcohol control; town planning; and the teaching of preventive medicine in medical schools.

Question 4

Florence Nightingale

Answer 4

nurse in the Crimean War, sanitation and improved environmental conditions; founder of modern nursing

Question 5

William Rathbone

Answer 5

founded first district nursing association in Liverpool, England

Question 6

Based on the care William Rathbone’s wife received from a Nightingale trained nurse…

Answer 6

he wanted to offer similar care to those in poor areas who were unable to afford private nurses

Question 7

Settlement Houses

Answer 7

neighborhood centers that became hubs for health care, education and social welfare programs

Question 8

Lillian Wald

Answer 8

Founder of public health nursing

Question 9

Lillian Wald established the

Answer 9

Henry Street Settlement

Question 10

National Organization for Public Health Nursing (NOPHN)

Answer 10

the goal was to “improve the educational and services standard of the public health nurse and promote public understanding and respect for her work.”

Question 11

first president of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing (NOPHN)

Answer 11

Lillian Wald

Question 12

American Red Cross

Answer 12

Clara Barton; through its Rural Nursing Service, initiated home nursing care in areas outside larger cities

Question 13

first occupational health nurse

Answer 13

Ada Mayo Stewart

Question 14

first United States school nurse

Answer 14

Lina Rodgers

Question 15

who developed Frontier Nursing Service

Answer 15

Mary Brekinridge

Question 16

Frontier Nursing Service

Answer 16

nurse traveled by mule and horseback to isolated rural clients

Question 17

Bessie Hawes

Answer 17

received the first scholarship from the National Health Circle for Colored People (first colored nurse)

Question 18

National League for Nursing (NLN) recommended

Answer 18

establishing basic nursing preparation colleges and universities

Question 19

medicare

Answer 19

A federal program of health insurance for persons 65 years of age and older

Question 20

Medicaid

Answer 20

A federal and state assistance program that pays for health care services for people who cannot afford them. (diabled)

Question 21

Healthy people proposed…

Answer 21

a national strategy to improve significantly the health of Americans by preventing or delaying the onset of major chronic illnesses, injuries, and infectious diseases.

Question 22

3 major life events in a person’s life

Answer 22

the day you were born, someone gets sick, and death

Question 23

Public Health Nursing

Answer 23

emphasizes the promotion of health, the prevention of disease and disability, and the creation of conditions in which all people can be healthy

Question 24

what type of prevention is the focus in public health nursing

Answer 24

primary

Question 25

primary prevention

Answer 25

educating to prevent illness; both primary care and public health services that are designed to meet the basic needs of people in communities at an affordable cost

Question 26

secondary prevention

Answer 26

services designed to detect and treat disease in the early acute stage

Question 27

tertiary prevention

Answer 27

services designed to limit the progression of disease or disability

Question 28

3 levels of public health practice

Answer 28

Individual-focused
Community-focused
Systems-focused

Question 29

population-focused

Answer 29

Primary emphasis is on POPULATIONS whose members are free-living in the community as opposed to those who are institutionalized.

Question 30

population or aggregate

Answer 30

a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common
** Diabetic Patients in a Community
Population Description:**

Common Characteristic: Individuals diagnosed with diabetes.
Location: Residents of a specific community or geographic area.
Demographic Factors: Could include age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, etc.

Question 31

subpopulation

Answer 31

group within a larger group

Question 32

Community-oriented nursing

Answer 32

can focus either on the COMMUNITY (POPULATION-FOCUSED) or on individuals, families, and groups.

Question 33

health and preventive focus

Answer 33

The primary emphasis is on strategies for health promotion, health maintenance, and disease prevention, particularly primary and secondary prevention.

Question 34

example of community oriented nursing

Answer 34

preventing disease and disability, promoting health;
A community health nurse conducts educational workshops on diabetes prevention in a community center.

Question 35

community-based nursing

Answer 35

only focuses on “ILLNESS CARE” INDIVIDUALS and families across the life span

Question 36

example of community based nursing

Answer 36

A school nurse manages the health needs of students in a local school.
They administer medications, provide first aid for injuries, and conduct health screenings for vision, hearing, and scoliosis.
The nurse also develops care plans for students with special health needs and educates the school community about health and wellness topics.

Question 37

3 core functions of public health nursing

Answer 37

assessment, policy development, assurance

Question 38

assessment

Answer 38

Systematic data collection on the population, monitoring the population’s health status, and making information available about the health of the community.

Question 39

Policy Development

Answer 39

Efforts to develop policies that support the health of the population, including using a scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions

Question 40

assurance

Answer 40

Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available and carried out

Question 41

what is the simplest and most economical method to do a survey

Answer 41

windshield survey

Question 42

best time to survey is

Answer 42

right in the morning and at night