T1: Evolution of Behavior

Question 1

What is the evolution of behavior

Answer 1

long-term, gradual pressures that have produced genetic change over time

Question 2

What are the basics of evolution, cells and species definition?

Answer 2

Cells of the body: sensory, nerve, muscle, glands- these cells are integrated into amazing complex systems

Question 3

Definition of a species

Answer 3

closely related organisms potential able to breed with one another and produce fertile offspring

Question 4

What occurs with species differences ?

Answer 4

isolation of breeding groups

Question 5

what is speciation

Answer 5

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Question 6

Speciation involves what

Answer 6

the splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages

Question 7

What are the two mechanisms of speciation

Answer 7

1. geographic models
2. genetic models

Question 8

what is speciation

Answer 8

the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species

Question 9

what are the four geographic models of speciation in nature based on the extent to which speciating populations are isolated from one another

Answer 9

• allopatric
• peripatric
• parapatric
• sympatric

Question 10

How can speciation may also be induced artificially?

Answer 10

animal husbandry, agriculture, or lab experiments

Question 11

What is allopatric

Answer 11

geographical barrier

Question 12

What is paraptric

Answer 12

partial spatial isolations,

Question 13

What is sympatric

Answer 13

genetic polymorphism

Question 14

what is peripatric

Answer 14

isolation of a population at the periphery

Question 15

What is reproductive isolation (RI)

Answer 15

an evolutionary mechanism that promotes speciation

Question 16

What does RI promote

Answer 16

speciation by preventing the interbreeding of two different species

Question 17

What are the pre-zygotic isolations and what do they mean

Answer 17

spatial/habitat isolation (different
areas)
temporal isolation (different mating seasons)
Mechanical isolation (repro organs are incompatible)
Behavioral isolation (mating rituals are not too different
Gametic isolation (their gametes can’t fuse)

Question 18

what is mechanical isolation

Answer 18

mechanically isolated (physical barrier) when their reproductive organs are too different from one another to allow interbreeding between the two species

Question 19

Even if two species are fairly closely related and the members of the species…

Answer 19

they will not be able to copulate due to their different reproductive organs

like bushbabies

Question 20

What are post-zygotic barriers

Answer 20

mating occurs, offspring not fertile and viable

Question 21

What is “reduce hybrid viability”

Answer 21

development non successful or result in fragile offspring

Question 22

What is reduced hybrid fertility

Answer 22

healthy offspring is produced, but offspring’s are NOT fertile

Question 23

What is a hybrid breakdown

Answer 23

offspring is produced and can reproduce but 2nd generation is weak or sterile

Question 24

What is the imp