T1 Alt Q

Question 1

What are the main structures derived from the Telencephalon?

Answer 1

Basal nuclei (ganglia), olfactory lobes and nerves, and cerebral cortex.

Question 2

What are the main structures derived from the Diencephalon?

Answer 2

Epithalamus, hypothalamus, thalamus, and infundibulum

Question 3

What are the main structures derived from the Mesencephalon?

Answer 3

Superior colliculi, inferior colliculi, and tegmentum

Question 4

What are the main structures derived from the Metencaphalon?

Answer 4

Cerebellum and pons

Question 5

What are the main structures derived from the Myelcephalon?

Answer 5

Medulla oblongata and posterior choroid plexus

Question 6

What neurotransmitters are always excitatory?

Answer 6

Glutamate, acetylcholine

Question 7

What neurotransmitters are always inhibitory?

Answer 7

GABA, dopamine, glycine

Question 8

What neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 8

Norepinephrine

Question 9

What is occulta spina bifida?

Answer 9

Failure of the inferior neuropore to close, causing a failure of the vertebral arch(es) to develop in caudal area.

Question 10

What is meningomyeloce spina bifida?

Answer 10

Both meninges and spinal cord are found in sac

Question 11

What is myeloschisis spina bifida?

Answer 11

Failure of the caudal neural fold to close. This is the most severe of the defects

Question 12

What is the function of Ia interneurons?

Answer 12

Responsible for inhibition of antagonistic muscle groups

Question 13

What is the function of Ib interneurons?

Answer 13

Fibers from golgi tendon organs.

Question 14

What is the function of the angular gyrus?

Answer 14

funnels information to Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas

Question 15

What IS effected with an Arnold Chiari defect?

Answer 15

Hearing, movement of the tongue, and facial expression

Question 16

Tonic receptors

Answer 16

slow adapting

Question 17

Phasic receptors

Answer 17

fast adapting

Question 18

What is differential sensitivity?

Answer 18

Each type of receptor is highly sensitive to one type of stimulus and is almost non-responsive to other types

Question 19

What is modality?

Answer 19

refers to each of the principal type of sensation

Question 20

What is the labeled line principal?

Answer 20

refers to the specificity of nerve fibers for transmitting only one modality of sensation

Question 21

What is adaptation?

Answer 21

All sensory receptors adapt either partially or completely to any constant stimulus after a period of time

Question 22

Brodmann’s areas 123 are associated with what?

Answer 22

Sensory cortex (Primary somatosensory area)

Question 23

Brodmann’s area 5 and 7 are associated with what?

Answer 23

Somatosensory association

Question 24

What is Arnold-Chiari deformity?

Answer 24

Deformity in which the inferior cerebellum and medulla are elongated and protrude into vertebral canal. Medulla and pons are small and deformed. Hydrocephalus. Malformation of lower cranial nerves causing deafness, as well as tongue, facial muscle, and lateral eye movement weakness.

Question 25

What carries conscious perception, rather than unconscious perception?

Answer 25

.