Systems biology Flashcards
What makes up the dorsal cavity?
Cranial cavity (brain) and Spinal cavity (spinal cord) - both are lined by special membrane called Meninges
What makes up the ventral cavity?
Thoracic cavity and Abdominaopelvic cavity - they are separated by the diaphragm
How is the thoracic cavity composed?
Right and left lung are separated from each other and the heart by right and left Pleural Cavities. Section called the Mediastinum which contains the heart, trachea and oesophagus.
What does the abdominal cavity contain?
Stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys, spleen and pancreas
What does the pelvic cavity contain?
Urinary bladder, colon and the internal reproductive organs
What is the role of the liver?
Produce bile in order to digest fat and transforms waste into less harmful substances.
What are the four parts to the liver?
Median lobe, left lateral lobe, right lateral lobe and caudate lobe
What is the role of the spleen?
Associated with the circulatory system and functions in the destruction of blood cells and storage
What is the role of the pancreas?
Produces digestive enzymes and also secretes insulin which is important in glucose metabolism
What are the three parts to the small intestine?
Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum.
What is the role of the small intestine?
Where digestion takes place and most of nutrient absorption.
What is the role of the duodenum?
Mixing digesta with intestinal, pancreatic and liver secretions which buffer the bolus and lubricate it for movement.
What is the role of the caecum and colon?
Retrieve nutrients, water and electrolytes for reabsorption
In hind gut fermenters (rabbits and horses) anaerobic fermentation of fibre produces VFAs so they can utilise energy this way.
What is the primary organ of the excretory systems?
Kidneys - supplied with blood by renal veins and arteries
What is the nephron?
Structure on the kidneys.
Produces urine and is long tubule with a series of blood vessels - collects all waste components