Systems biology Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the dorsal cavity?

A

Cranial cavity (brain) and Spinal cavity (spinal cord) - both are lined by special membrane called Meninges

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2
Q

What makes up the ventral cavity?

A

Thoracic cavity and Abdominaopelvic cavity - they are separated by the diaphragm

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3
Q

How is the thoracic cavity composed?

A

Right and left lung are separated from each other and the heart by right and left Pleural Cavities. Section called the Mediastinum which contains the heart, trachea and oesophagus.

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4
Q

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

A

Stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys, spleen and pancreas

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5
Q

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

A

Urinary bladder, colon and the internal reproductive organs

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6
Q

What is the role of the liver?

A

Produce bile in order to digest fat and transforms waste into less harmful substances.

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7
Q

What are the four parts to the liver?

A

Median lobe, left lateral lobe, right lateral lobe and caudate lobe

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8
Q

What is the role of the spleen?

A

Associated with the circulatory system and functions in the destruction of blood cells and storage

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9
Q

What is the role of the pancreas?

A

Produces digestive enzymes and also secretes insulin which is important in glucose metabolism

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10
Q

What are the three parts to the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum.

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11
Q

What is the role of the small intestine?

A

Where digestion takes place and most of nutrient absorption.

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12
Q

What is the role of the duodenum?

A

Mixing digesta with intestinal, pancreatic and liver secretions which buffer the bolus and lubricate it for movement.

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13
Q

What is the role of the caecum and colon?

A

Retrieve nutrients, water and electrolytes for reabsorption
In hind gut fermenters (rabbits and horses) anaerobic fermentation of fibre produces VFAs so they can utilise energy this way.

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14
Q

What is the primary organ of the excretory systems?

A

Kidneys - supplied with blood by renal veins and arteries

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15
Q

What is the nephron?

A

Structure on the kidneys.

Produces urine and is long tubule with a series of blood vessels - collects all waste components

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