systemic response to injury and metabolic support Flashcards
This cytokine induces muscle breakdown and cachexia
TNF - Alpha
This cytokine induces fever
IL - 1
This cytokine promotes lymphocyte proliferation, immunoglobulin production
IL - 2
This cytokine prolongs activated neutrophil survival and is a mediator of acute phase response
IL - 6
This cytokine is a chemoattractant
IL - 8
This cytokine activates macrophage via TH1 cells
IFN - y
This function as intracellular chaperones for ligands such as bacterial DNA and endotoxin and alert the immune system of the tissue damage
HSP
It is associated with eosinophil and mast cell release
Histamine
wound healing is impaired by cholesterol through reduction of
TGF - B
IGF
This promotes protein synthesis and insulin resistance and enhance mobilization of fat stores
GH
IGF - 1
Normal caloric requirement of healthy adult
22 - 25 kcal/kg/day
What is the principal source of fuel during short term fasting <5 days
lipids
When does ketone bodies become the principal source of fuel
starts after 2 days of starvation
24 days
What is the primary source of energy in critical illness and stressed states
lipids
caloric adjustment for hypermetabolic conditions
- mild stress - 25 - 30
- moderate - 30
- severe - 30 - 35
- burns - 35 to 40
