Systemic Hypertension Flashcards
Define systemic hypertension
Sustained elevation of resting systolic blood pressure (>140), diastolic (>90) or both.
What effect does hypertension have on the heart?
Strain. Leads to Hypertensive heart disease and coronary artery disease.
Systemic hypertension is a major risk factor for what?
Strokes. Aneurysms. Peripheral arterial disease. Chronic kidney disease.
Normal BP measurements?
<120 <80mmHg
Pre-hypertension BP measurements?
120-139, 80-89 mmHg
Stage 1 hypertension measurements?
140-159, 90-99 mmHg
Stage 2 hypertension measurements?
> 160, >100mmHg
Hypertensive emergency measurements?
> 220, >120mmHg
Another term for hypertensive crisis/accelerated hypertension?
Malignant hypertension
Measurements of malignant hypertension?
> 180, >110-120mmHg
Consequences of malignant hypertension?
Evidence of direct damage to one or more organs as a result of severely high BP.
Cause of primary/essential hypertension?
Idiopathic, no obvious underlying medical cause, 90-95% of cases
Possible causes of primary hypertension.
Genetic + Hypertensinogenic factors. Black. Obesity. Smoking. High sodium diet. Alcohol. Stress. Physical inactivity. Insulin resistance.
Causes of secondary hypertension.
Caused by other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart or endocrine system.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Drugs.
Neurogenic.
Difference between benign and malignant hypertension.
Benign: no target organ damage.
Malignant: evidence of target organ damage.
