Synthetic textiles Flashcards

1
Q

Nylon fibres

A
  • nylon fibres are entirely synthetic and have no basis in organic material
  • when mixed with other textiles, such as polyester or cotton, its desirable aspects are retained, and its undesirable aspects are eliminated.
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2
Q

What are some advantages of using nylon?

A
  • good heat retention abilities
  • high stretchability
  • can be made into a highly durable and versatile plastic
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3
Q

What are some disadvantages of using nylon?

A
  • prone to pilling and bubbling
  • low breathability
  • composed mainly of petroleum oil and is not biodegradable.
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4
Q

What are some applications of nylon?

A
  • industrial and scientific purposes
  • Nylon resins are also commonly used in consumer goods such as hair combs and food packaging.
  • clothing
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5
Q

What is polypropylene?

A

Polypropylene is a term that is used to describe any textile product that is derived from thermoplastic polymer polypropylene.
- It is also known as polypro or moplen

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6
Q

What are some advantages of using polypropylene?

A
  • excellent moisture transfer abilities - moisture passes through polypropylene entirely.
  • one of the lightest synthetic fabrics.
  • resistant to most acids and alkalis.
  • Breathable, stretchy and high heat retention capabilities.
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7
Q

What are some disadvantages of using polypropylene?

A
  • absorbs body odor
  • melts at high temperatures and can cause serious burns.
  • hard to wash at high temperatures.
  • low thermal conductivity
  • has impacts on the environment.
  • Prone to piling or bubbling.
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8
Q

What are some applications of polypropylene?

A
  • clothing - especially those that have to be worn close to the skin
  • sports clothing
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9
Q

What is polyester derived from?

A

Polyester is usually derived from petroleum

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10
Q

What are some advantages of using polyester?

A
  • durable and lightweight
  • wrinkle resistant
  • high water absorption - dries fast
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11
Q

What are some disadvanatges of using polyester?

A
  • it is composed of ethylene which poses environmental concerns.
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12
Q

What are textile treatments used for?

A

Textile treatments are used to treat woven and unwoven fabrics to improve certain properties.

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13
Q

What are some examples of textile treatments?

A
  • flame repellent
  • weatherability
  • water repellent
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14
Q

What is chemical dipping flame resistant textile treatment?

A

The material is submerged into a chemical solution that acts as a flame-resistant barrier when absorbed to the fibres. The compounds undergo a chemical reaction when exposed to great heat

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15
Q

What is coating technique flame resistant textile treatment?

A

The textile makers add a fire-retardant back coating to the cloth rather than soaking it.

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16
Q

What are some properties of the flame resistant textile treatment PTFE?

A
  • very high working temps
  • non-stick
  • low friction surface
  • chemical, corrosion and weather resistant
17
Q

What are some disadvantages of PTFE?

A
  • can release toxic fumes when overheated which can damage the environment
  • many coatings are required to enhance its abrasion resistance