Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OMICS > Synthetic biology Exam > Flashcards

Synthetic biology Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What Chssis was used in the iGEM project?

A

Bacillus subtilis WB800

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the Benefits and drawbacks of using a Bacillus subtilis WB800 chassis?

A

Benefits: large scale fermentation, non-pathogenic, Food-grade, and Absorb foreign material which can be maintained for 100generations

Negative: Proteases that degrade foreign material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the final cell from the 2019 iGEM project work?

A

Stores the proinsulin in the cytoplasm

Loaded onto the PET membrane of the chip, promote the liver cell to synthesize glycogen from glucose in the lumen

Release of proinsulin from external lysosome which is heat controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many restriction sites are in the genome for the iGEM 2019 project?

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the restriction sites are in the genome for the iGEM 2019 project?

A

Restriction site: contains 9 restriction sites

AlwNI

ApaBI

BglII

Bsp1407I

CspI

Eco57I

PvuII

XmnI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the input of the synthetic cell of the 2019 iGEM project?

A

The input for synthetic system would be elevated blood sugar or elevated proinsulin would create a negative feedback loop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What tool is utilised in the 2019 iGEM project?

A

Organ-on-a-chip: a microfluidics device that can be used invitro to load the cellular chassis with the synthetic biological circuit for diabetic treatment. used was hepatic cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the 2019 project?

A

The iGEM project from 2019 was the integration of biology and synthetic biology to create a “smart” bacterium.

Creating a self-regulated pro-insulin cell, which would be implanted in the gut, to compensate for the lack of pancreatic production.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the HPI gene created in the 2019 iGEM project?

A

HPI GENE: 254 bp: created for heightened expression and compatibility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was modified for better gene transcription in the iGEM project?

A

N-Terminus: Modifications made to the N terminus chassis obtained a more efficient gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Three biobricks were used in the project?

A

RFC 10 compatible: RFC 10 is a BioBrick®

P43 Promotor: BioBrick®

Spacer Peptide: 7 amino acids – BioBrick®

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the RFC Compatible biobric?

A

Advantage:

Standard

Well tested and documented

native protein start codon can be preserved while using RBS parts

large and still growing set of parts

Disadvantage: no protein fusion (stop codon in 6bp scar, frameshift and stop codon in 8bp scar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why was he P43 Promoter chosen for the project?

A

strong promoter of Bacillus subtilis expression system.

This promoter has been shown to be recognized and active during the exponential and lag phases of growth.

Synthetic improved cytidine deaminase (cdd) gene in B. subtilis used to express targeted proteins

Polymerase Per Second (PoPS) generator.

Higher Quantities: Produces higher quantities of product compared to other synthetic promoters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why was the spacer [peptide biobrick used?

A

7 amino acids – BioBrick®

Increase of proinsulin: significant increase and is compatible with the N-terminus of the HPI gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What vector was chosen?

A

Vector: pHY-P43 transformation vector: Human proinsulin gene (HPI) was constructed on the ends of BamHI and EcoRI of the pHY-P43 transformation vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three main areas of Ethics to be concerned with?

A

Biosafety

Bioethics

Biosecurity

17
Q

What are the two main Biosaftey areas to be concerned with ?

A

Human health and environmental risks

18
Q

Who did the Biosaftey experiment?

A

Hewit et all 2016

19
Q

Biosaftey: Human Health what are the foiur concerns?

A

allergies

pathogens

antibiotic resistance

carcigens

20
Q

Environmental risks what are the four ethical concerns?

A

horizontal gene transfer

toxicity

Impact on ecosystem

competition from nature

21
Q

What are the 5 principle bioethics to consider?

A

Intelectual freedom

Public benefits

Responsible stewardship

Democratic deliberation

Justice and fairness

22
Q

Who determined the 5 bioethical principles?

A

Presidential commission for the study of bioethical issues

23
Q

What issues is there with biosecurity?

A

Dual use problem

Increased Hazard controls

24
Q

Biosecurity: Dual use problems. What study says its ok.

A

Kevin SMith (2022) ethical matrix

25
Q

What biosecurity increased hazard controls are there?

A

Intrinsic biocontainment

Auxotroph

Kill switches

Inability to replicate or pass genes to off spring

Xeno biological organisms: xeno nucleotide

26
Q

Who developed the future extracellular matrix?

A

liu et al (2022)

27
Q

Who told me about the future, with Artificial intelligence and syn-biopython?

A

Yeoh(2021)

28
Q

Who told me about machine learning and it being 77% better then traditional random screening?

A

HamediRad et al. (2018)

29
Q

What are the different new ways to standardise things?

A

Automation

biofoundaries

cloud libraries

Interchangable parts

Cello 2.0

SEGA

Curated Bricks

SEVA

Bioroboost

30
Q

What is the benifit of having standard interchangeable parts?

A

Interchangeable parts (nearly identical)can successfully substitute the similar parts and fit into the assembly of the same type.

Mass production of identical items within the prescribed limits of sizes.

Interchangeability allows mass production, reduces the production cost.

31
Q

Tell me about cello 2.0

A

DNA sequences for programmable circuits based on a high-level software description and a library of characterized DNA parts.

Design specification reuse, modular DNA part library curation and formalized circuit transformations based on experimental data.

Jobs may take minutes or hours to complete.

32
Q

Tell me about sega: Standardised Genome Archetecture

A

Enables genome engineering by combining only two reagents: a DNA fragment from a commercial vendor and a stock solution of bacterial cells, incubated on agar plates.

The modular nature of SEGA allows precise multi-level control of transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation.

33
Q

How do curated bio bricks help?

A

Accessible through an open database easier to understand and reuse.

Key features of Model Bricks: Standard language (SBML), rule-based specification describing species as a collection of uniquely identifiable molecules, association with model specific numerical parameters, and more common annotations.

34
Q

Tell me about the SEVA?

A

European Vector Architecture (SEVA): plasmids

35
Q

What is bioroboost?

A

(https://standardsinsynbio.eu), have been established with the main purpose to promote standardization in synthetic biology.

OMICS (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions