Synovial Joints Flashcards
Gliding or plane joint
The surfaces of the bones are almost flat and glide over each other.
Type of gliding or plane joint and movement?
e.g: tarsals and metatarsals.
Limited range of glide or slight rotation.
Hinge joint?
A convex surface of the end of one bone fits in the concave surface of a second bone. Think of of the hinge of a door.
Type of the hinge joint and movement?
e.g: elbow and knee.
Flexion and extension.
Pivot joint?
A pivot joint is where one joint rotates around the bony projection of another.
Type of Pivot joint and movement?
e.g. : the 1st vertebra, the atlas, rotates around the bony projections of the 2nd cervical vertebra, the axis. This joint allows the head to turn from side to side.
Rotation
Ball and socket
The rounder end of one bone fits into a neat cup-shaped cavity of another bone.
Type of ball and socked joint and movement?
E.g.: the shoulder.
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation and circumduction.
Condyloid joint
A smooth rounded projection on a bone sits into a cup-shaped depression on another bone.
Type of condyloid joint and movement?
e.g. mandible and temporal bone, carpal and radius.
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction.
Saddle joint
The surfaces of the two bones have both concave and convex surfaces.
Type of saddle joint and movement?
There is only one saddle joint in the body at the base of the thumb.
Similar range to condyloid.
Fixed joints/fibrous
These joints are tightly linked with a tough fibrous material and have virtually no movement, for example, the bones of the skull.
Slightly moveable joints/cartilaginous
These joint are formed by a pad of tough fibrous cartilage and have no or only a limited range of movement. The pad acts a sock absorber, for example, joints between vertebrae.
Freely movement joint/synovial
These joints have the ability to move and have a range of movement. The majority of joints in the body are synovial.
