Synovial Joints

Question 1

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 1

Bones that are separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity

Question 2

Plane

Answer 2

Two flat bone surfaces come together - can only glide e.g. intercarpal joint

Question 3

Hinge

Answer 3

A cylinder and an u-shaped bone comes together - only flex/extend e.g. elbow

Question 4

Pivot

Answer 4

A ligament is wrapped around the bone end - only rotate e.g. proximal radioulnar joint

Question 5

Condyloid

Answer 5

Two curved bone surfaces come together - flex/extend. abduct/adduct e.g. metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 6

Saddle

Answer 6

Two u-shaped bones come together - flex/extend. abduct/adduct e.g. 1st carpometacarpal

Question 7

Ball-and-socket

Answer 7

Spherical head of one articulates with a round socket of another - flex/extend, abduct/adduct, rotate e.g. glenohumeral joint (shoulder)

Question 8

What is the purpose of a joint axis of rotations?

Answer 8

To identify how many ways a joint can move

Question 9

Non-axial

Answer 9

Joint doesn’t move in plan motion

Question 10

Uni-axial

Answer 10

Moves in one plane of motion

Question 11

Bi-axial

Answer 11

Moves in two planes of motion

Question 12

Multi-axial

Answer 12

Moves in 3 planes of motion

Question 13

List three unique joints and define with example

Answer 13

Knee (tibiofemoral) is a bicondylar or modified hinge. It consists of two condyles next to each other. they can only flex and extend, and slightly rotate.
Sternoclavicular: synoival joint type
Shallow saddle: saddle shape but shallower or flatter