Synaptic Transmission In the CNS

Question 1

Mechanism for plasticity

Answer 1

mean quantile content of 0.5 compares to NMY with 1

Question 2

Name 2 glutamate receptors

Which cations

Answer 2

AMPA
NMDA

Na\K

Question 3

AMPA role on Ca permeability

Answer 3

Decrease except in GluR-2

Question 4

NMDA role in Ca permability

Answer 4

Increase

Question 5

GluR-2 role in Ca permeability
Young
Old

Answer 5

Young: Increase Ca permeability

Older: Decrease Ca permeability

Question 6

Neuronal Nicotinic AchR

• Cations
• Excitatory\Inhibitory
• Which neurons

Answer 6

Cations: Na\K\Ca
Excitatory (fast)
Peripheral neurons

Question 7

Purinergic receptors

• Bind what?
• Receptors of what?

Answer 7

ATP\adenosine

Pain & mechanosensory conduction

Question 8

Name 2 inhibitory receptors and where located

Answer 8

GABA type A: Brain

Glycine receptors: Spinal cord

Question 9

Changes in NKCC1
Young Neurons
Older Neurons

Answer 9

Young: Increase intracellular CL
Excitatory

Older neurons: Decrease Cl, inhibitory

Question 10

Example of subunit heterogeneity: why is rat poison more toxic to adults?

Answer 10

Glycine inhibitory neurons have higher affinity for strychnine in adult versus young form

Question 11

Examples of molecules that cause allosteric modulation of GABA receptors

Answer 11

Benzodiazepines
Alcohol
Anabolic steroids
Barbiturates

Question 12

Temporal summation

Answer 12

Rapid succession of inputs from a single stimuli

Depends on time constant

Question 13

Spatial summation

Answer 13

Rapid succession of inputs from separate stimuli

Depends on length constant

Question 14

Desensitization

Answer 14

Differential desensitization of receptors, nACHR GABA desensitizes faster than glutamate
- role in memory

Question 15

Facilitation Mechanism

Answer 15

Increase AP → Increase Ca multiple fibroadenoma Increase NT release

Question 16

What does the influx of Ca do to dopaminergic neurons?

Answer 16

Increase dopamine release

Question 17

What does the influx of Ca do to GABA neurons?

Answer 17

Decrease GABA release

Question 18

Seritonergic (5-HT) neurons in the CNS are

Answer 18

G-protein metabotropic

Question 19

50% of neurons in the CNS are

Answer 19

Serotonergic

Question 20

A decrease in Seritonergic (5-HT) neurons is associated with

Answer 20

Decline in mental understanding, alzheimer’s

Question 21

Describe mesolimbic reward system

Answer 21

1. Dopamine is released from Ventral Tegmental Area to neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens (NAc)
2. Inhibitory GABA neurons, when stimulated will release less inhibitory (Ca releases decreases GABA release) GABA will be releases

Question 22

3 mechanisms for termination on NT

Answer 22

1. Diffusion
2. Reuptake
3. Enzymatic degradation