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Neuro I > Descending Motor Systems > Flashcards

Descending Motor Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Function of descending motor systems

A

Control motor neurons
Autonomic function
Modifying sensory transmission
Control motor neuron excitability (gamma loop)

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2
Q

2 major classifications of the descending motor system

A

Medial motor system

Lateral motor system

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3
Q

5 Tracts in Medial Motor System

A
  1. Tectospinal Tract
  2. Medial vestibulospinal tract
  3. Lateral vestibulospinal tract
  4. Mediane\pontine reticulospinal tract
  5. Lateral\medullary reticulospinal tract
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4
Q

Which 3 pathways of the medial motor system are associated with MLF

A

Tectospinal tract
Medial vestibulospinal tract
Medial\pontine reticulospinal tract

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5
Q

Key characteristics of all Medial Motor System tracts

A
  1. Terminate bilaterally
  2. Control neck & trunk movements
  3. Enter anterior funiculus of spinal cord
  4. Terminate only in the cervical & upper thoracic spinal cord (MLF)
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6
Q

Tectospinal tract

A

Reflex hand & arm movement in response to visual & auditory stimuli

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7
Q

Medial vestibulospinal tract

A

Reflex adjustment of head position in response to vestibular stimuli

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8
Q

Medial\pontine reticulospinal tract

A

Allows head movement to follow eye movement

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9
Q

Lateral vestibular spinal cord

A

Excites ipsilateral extensor motor neurons

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10
Q

Lateral reticulospinal tract

A

Gross movements and regulates muscle tone

Controlled by corticobulbar tract

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11
Q

2 tracts in the Lateral Motor System

A
  1. Rubrospinal tract

2. Corticospinal tract

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12
Q

Lateral motor neurons terminate on

A

lateral part of intermediate gray & motor neurons

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13
Q

Rubrospinal Tract

A

Descending autonomic fibers
Respiratory control
Generalized gross movements
Regulates gamma neurons

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14
Q

Corticospinal tract

A

Voluntary movement from the cortex
Regulate sensory information
Fast and highly skilled movement

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15
Q

Corticospinal tract pathway

A 
PIC-BMS-LF
Precentral Gyrus
Internal capsule (posterior limb)
Cerebral peduncle
Basal pons
Medullary pyramids
Decussate in the spinal cord (90%)
Lateral funiculus
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16
Q

10 % of the cortical spinal cord fibers do not decussate, where do they synapse

A

Dorsal horn of spinal cord

Interneurons that control independent digits

17
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Tectospinal tract

A

Superior colliculus

18
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Medial vestibulospinal tract

A

Medial vestibular nucleus

19
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Pontine reticulospinal tract

A

PPRF

Paramedian pontine reticulospinal tract

20
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Lateral vestibulospinal nucleus

A

Lateral vestibular nucleus

21
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Lateral reticulospinal tract

A

Medulla

22
Q

Originates from which nucleus

Rubrospinal tract

A

Red nucleus in the midbrain

23
Q

Indirect corticospinal tract

3 functions

A
  1. Allows cortex to control descending motor tracts that do not originate from the cortex i.e.red nucleus and superior colliculus
  2. Muscle tone
  3. Body stabalization
24
Q

Anticipatory maintenance of body posture before a movement is associated with

A

Indirect corticospinal tract

25
Q

Inhibits spinal cord reflexes

A

Cortico-reticulo-spinal pathway

26
Q

Corticobulbar Tracts

A

Inhibitory tracts between cortex and the brainstem

Can be used as an indirect corticospinal pathway

27
Q

Unilateral lesions of the upper motor neuron branches of CN VII (facial) result in

A

Unilateral paralysis on the contralateral side

28
Q

Unilateral lesions of CN VII branches innervating the upper face result in

A

No clinical weakness

These neurons terminate bilaterally

29
Q

Unilateral lesions of motor neuron branches of CN VII innervating lower face result in

A

Contralateral paralysis

The neurons terminate with decussation

30
Q

Unilateral lesions to the facial nerve prior to branching result in

A

Ipsilateral paralysis

31
Q

Where in the cortex is movement initiated

A

Premotor cortex

32
Q

Which part of the cortex is only activated if movement occurs

A

Primary motor cortex

33
Q

Which area of the cortex is active during rehearsal or preparation of movement

A

Premotor cortex\supplementary motor area

Neuro I (10 decks)

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