Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 3 Musculoskeletal system > Synaptic and Jucntional Transmission > Flashcards

Synaptic and Jucntional Transmission Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic functional unit of the brain

A

Neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

this is where the incoming signals enter and this also determines where the signal will go

A

Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where is synapse located?

A

Dendrites and Cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

output signal travels through this

A

Axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the Junction point from one neuron to another

A

Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

this area is where two neurons come close together enough to exchange information

A

Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This is the space where neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic and binds to post synaptic

A

Synaptic Cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

information transmitted in the CNS in the form of nerve action potentials

A

Nerve impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Transmission of Information via Two Types

A
  • Presynaptic

- Post synaptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

this transmission sends info and where info is initiated

A

Presynaptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

this transmission receives info

A

Postsynaptic Neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 types of synapses

A
  • -Electrical

- Chemical Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this synapse secretes chemical substance neurotransmitter

A

Chemical Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

this synapse is directly connect to the cluster of ion channes called gap junctions

A

Electrical Synapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

this synapse give bidirectional transmission of the synapse

-in reflex pathways

A

Electrical Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cluster of Ions that has a plaque like structure

  • allows free movement
  • has connexin (6)
A

Gap junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the hexagonal unit in the gap junctions is called

A

Connexon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

this is the most used type of synapse

  • neurotransmitter
  • excites or inhibits
  • one way conduction
  • presy to postsy
A

Chemical Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

this synapse has a principle of one way conduction

pre to postsy

A

Chemical Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This terminal vesicle contains the neurotransmitter when released by the synaptic cleft

A

Presynaptic Cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This terminal responses based on the receptor present in the

A

Post synaptic terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the most studied neurotransmitter in the presynaptic terminal

A

Acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the components of receptor proteins

A
  • Binding Component

- Intracellular component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

this is where the neurotransmitter from the presynaptic binds

A

Binding component

25
Q

this component passes all the way through the postsynaptic into the post synaptic neuron

A

Intracellular Component

26
Q

Types of Receptor proteins

A

-Ionotropic
-Metabotropic
-

27
Q 
this type of receptor protein is: 
- ligate ion channeled 
- allows passage of ions 
- Fast synpase
-
A

Ionotropic

28
Q

Two types of Ionotropic receptor

A
  • Cation

- Anion

29
Q

this type of ionotrpic allows passage of CL

- opened by inhibitory neurotransmitter

A
  • Anion channel
30
Q

this type of ionotropic allows passage of K, NA, Calcium

- opened by excitatory neurotransmitter

A

Cation Channels

31
Q

This type of protein receptor:

  • activates 2ndary g-proteins
  • secondary relays message which causes increase or decrease of cell activity
  • prolonged effect
A

Metabotropic

32
Q

2 states of Metabotropic

A
  • Inactive state

- Activation state

33
Q

this metabotropic state :

  • free in the cytosol
  • has alpha, beta, gamma are bound together
  • gdp is attached to alpha
A

Inactivated state

34
Q

this metabotropic type:

  • attaches from presyp
  • changes form
  • g protein binds
  • simultaneous release of gdp
  • beta and gamma disassociate
  • alpha is free to move
A

Activation metabotropic state

35
Q

What are the Functions of Activation state of Metabotropic

A
  • opens specific ion channels through post synaptic
  • activates camp
  • activates gene
  • hydrolysis
  • beta and y attaches to @
  • stable G-p
36
Q

This is the gap between motor neuron and skeletal muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular Junction

37
Q

Mechanism of Neuromuscular junction

A
  • Voltage Ca2+ opens
  • ca2+ flows
  • influx of CA+ and ACh
  • ACH binds
  • influx of NA+
  • End plate
38
Q

How does Ach form

A
  • Choline transfers
39
Q

What enzyme forms ACh

A

Choline Acetyltransferase

(Acetyl-CoA) + (Choline) . (ACh) + (CoA)

Choline is recycled from ACh by Acetylcholinesterase
(AChE).
(ACh) . (Acetyl-CoA) + (Choline)

40
Q

This brings the membrane potential of postsynap closer to threshold providing excitatory effects

A

Postsynaptic Potentials

41
Q

This is a result of Ion fast channels or slow channels.

  • brings membrane potential closer to threshold
  • increase RMP to high enough positive
A

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSP)

42
Q

type of EPSP facilitated by ionotropic receptors

  • efflux of K and influx of NA
  • NA entering potential is higher
A

Fast Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential

PEPSP

43
Q

type of epsp created from metabotropic

  • this activates the gprotein
  • produces Camp
  • protein kinase
  • inhibits K from intracellular
A

Slow excitatory Post synnaptic potential

SEPSP

44
Q

types of Inhibitory Post synaptic potential (IPSP)

A
  • Fast IPSP
45
Q

The goal of this is to bring the PostP to threshold by hyperpolarizing or by stabilizing resting membrane potential

A

IPSP

46
Q

How is IPSP accomplised

A

-Opening potassium channels that increases conductance
of potassium ions out of the neuron
- Opening potassium channels that increases conductance
of potassium ions out of the neuron

47
Q

another mechanism of IPSP

A

inhibition is the activation of
receptor enzymes that inhibit cellular metabolic functions
that increase the number of inhibitory synaptic receptors or

48
Q

the occurence of IPSP is very fast so it only uses Ionotropic receptors

A

True

49
Q

Two channels in the IPSP

A
  • K

- CL

50
Q

Increases internal negativity

A

Hyper polarization

51
Q

This channel

- opens K channels will allow ++ to go out to make inner –

A

Potassium channels

52
Q

this channel opens chloride pump

- chloride channels open so negative chloride ions enter into interrior membrane to make it more negative (-70mv)

A

Chloride channel

53
Q

this moves out of the cell to make it negative when opened

A

Potassium

54
Q

this moves inside the cell to make it negative when opened

A

Chloride

55
Q

neuromuscular junction represents a simple type of

synapse type of synapse

A

neuromuscular junction represents a simple type of

synapse type of synapse

56
Q 
this type of neuromuscular synapse: 
- input and out are same 
- AP from presyp will induce AP in postp
- 1 is to 1 AP in post 
-
A

One is to one synapse

57
Q

this type of neuromuscular synapse:
- action potential in a presynaptic cell= several
action potential in a postsynaptic cell.

A

One is to Many synapse

58
Q

this type of neuromuscular synapse:
- one action potential in the presynaptic cell
is not enough to make postsynaptic terminal fire an action
potential
- many AP arrives
- used by the brain

A

MANY TO ONE SYNAPSE

59
Q

how many synapse are need to form intermediate memory

A

In order to form memory traces that could be converted

into an intermediate memory, two presynaptic neurons.

Module 3 Musculoskeletal system (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions