Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 3 Musculoskeletal system > Histology of the Skin > Flashcards

Histology of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

This system of the bodyy is composed of the skin and epidermal derivatives

A

Intergumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

this part is the largets organ
- 15 bw
-

A

Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

thinnest part of the skin

A

Eyelids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thickest part of the Skin

A

Soles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This parts functions are protection from harmful substances entering the body

  • regulate body tempt
  • excretes waste
  • Vit D
  • individual identification
A

Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the skin a Sensory organ

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the main layers of the Skin

A
  • Epidermis
  • Dermis
  • Hypodermis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This layer of the skin is most superficial

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

this part of the skin is made up of Keratinized Squamous Epithelium

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

this part of the skin if derived from the ectoderm

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Irregular conical invaginations that project into the dermis

A

Epidermal Ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

this part of the skin is the deepest layer

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this part of the skin is composed of connective tissues

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

this part of the skin if derived from the mesoderm

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Elements that project into the epidermis

A

Dermal Papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

this part of the skin has connective tissues beneath the dermis

A

Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

this part of the skin connects underlying tissues

A

Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

this part of the skin usually skin appendages extend to

A

Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

These are layers of adipose tissue in individuals who are over nourished

A

Panniculus Adiposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

parts of the body where there are no adipose cells

A
  • penis
  • scrotum
  • eyelids
  • nipple
  • areola
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

this part of the skin is renewed 20- 30 days

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

this part of the skin is classified as thick and thin

A

epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

This helps renew skin

A

Keratinocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

principle cell of the epidermis

A

Keratinocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does Keratinocyte produce

A

Keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

these cells are in the deep layers of epridermis

slowly pushes out and undergoes keratinization

A

Keratinocyets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

5 layers of thick skin

A
  • startum germanitivum
  • startum spinosum
  • stratum granulosum
    stratum lucidum
  • stratum corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Layers under Startum Malpighii

A
  • startum germanitivum
  • startum spinosum
  • stratum granulosum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Layer of thick skin with cells composed of keratin fiber

A

Cornified layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cornified layers of the thick skin

A
  • stratum lucidum

- stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

This thick skin layer is deepest to most superficial

A

Stratum Germinativum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is S. Germinavitum composed of/ kind of cells

A

Tall cuboidal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Binds lateral surfaces

A

Desmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Bind basal surface of cells to basal lamina

A

Hemidesmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

This thick skin layer has large nucleus with basophilic cytoplasm with numerous ribosomes

A

S. Germinativum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

This thick skin layer contains polyhydral cells

– cells are mitotically active

A

S. Spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

S. Basale

A

S. germinativum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

S. spinosum have the same cytoplasm content with this thick skin layer

A

S. germinativum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

This thick skin layer tighly bound to neighbors desomosomes

A

S. Spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

under the LM they appear like spindles or spines between cells

A

s. Spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

This thick skin layer has to skin layers of flattened keratinocytes

A

s. granulosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

This thick skin layer has dead cells

and more flat than spinosum

A

s. granulosom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

This thick skin layer cannot go under mitosis

A

s. granulosom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

This thick skin layer has pyknotic nucles

A

s. granulosom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is pyknotic nucles

A

flat nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

2 types of granules in the s. granulosom

A
  • Keratohyalin granules

- secretory granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Type of granule in the s. granulosom that is numerous and dark, no membrane and no keratin
contains profillagrin

A

Keratohyaline granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

whats profillagrin

A

histidine rich protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

type of granule in the s. granulosom that has lipids

  • membrane bound
  • closelyy packed lamella
  • content is deposited in intercellular space
A

Secretory granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

This thick skin layer that has 4 to 6 layers

  • dead cells
  • anucleated cells
  • cytoplasm
  • has keratin
A

Stratum lucidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

This thick skin layer has 12 to 20 layer

  • cytoplasm has keratin
  • deeper cells with desmosomes
  • horny cells
A

Stratum Corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Types of skin according to Thickness

A
  • Thick skin

- Thin Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

this type of skin has longer dermal papillae than thin

  • has sweat glands and lacks hair follicles
  • palms and soles
A

Thick skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

this type of skin has

  • shorter dermal papillae
  • has sweat glands and hair follicles
  • whole body except soles and palms
A

Thin skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

this skin layer has all 5 layers present

A

Thick skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

this skin layer has spinosum,
no lucidum
poorly granulosom

A

Thin layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Cells in the Epidermis

A
  • keratinocytes
  • Melanocytes
  • Langerhans cells
  • Merkel Cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

this cell in the epidermis is the pricipal cell for skin renewal

  • keratin
  • 85% to 95%
A

Keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

this cell in the epidermis
- 7 to 10%
- produces melanin pigment
-

A

Melanocytes

60
Q

where produces Melanin

A

Melanosomes

61
Q

what contains more melanin

kerato or melato

A

Keratocytes

62
Q

what happens to melanin when formed

A

moved to keratocytes via the melalanocytes

63
Q

Skin color mixture of 3 pigments

A
  • carotene
  • hemoglobin
  • melanin
64
Q

Skin color mixture that is yellowish in color, present substance in intercellular

A

Carotene

65
Q

Skin color mixture that is imparts brown to black shade to the skin

A

Melanin

66
Q

Skin color mixture that is pigment is RBC which are n the capillaries of the dermis

A

Hemoglobin

67
Q

this cell in the epidermis is 3 to 8%

  • antigen presenting. limited phagocytosis
  • contact Birbeck or veriform granules
A

Langerhan Cells

68
Q

where are Langerhans cells derived from

A

precursor cells in the bone marrow that migrate to the skin via blood

69
Q

this cell in the epidermis is least in number in the epidermis

  • has sensory functions
  • numerous in palm and soles
  • forms merkel discs with associated nerve
A
  • Merkel
70
Q

this layer of skin is also known as corium
- thicker than epidermis
wallas have nerve endings and blood vessels
-

A

Dermis

71
Q

2 layers of Dermis

A
  • Papillary layer

- Reticular Layer

72
Q

this layer of dermis is subepithelial, made up of loose connective tissues
and more cellular

A

Papillary layer

73
Q

this is part of papilary layer
- conical projections into epidermis
- bulk layer
have nerve ending and capillary beds

A

Dermal Papillae

74
Q

this layer of dermis is

  • deeper layer
  • has dense iregg C. tissue
  • toughness of skin
  • collagen fiber are parellel to the skin
  • sweat gland, sebaceous and hair present
A

Reticular layer

75
Q

this appendages of the skin consists of heavily keratinized epithelial cells
- they grow coninuously
-

A

Nails

76
Q

what nails grow fastest

A

Fingernails grow faster than toenails

with middle digits the fasttest

77
Q

Parts of the Nails

A
  • Nail plate
  • Nail bed
  • Nail root
  • Nail matrix
  • Eponychium (nail cuticle)
  • Hyponychium
78
Q

this part of the nail rests on the nail bed and part of the stratum corneum

A

Nail plate

79
Q

this part of the nail have spinosum and germinativum

cells in here do not coontribute in nail growing

A

Nail bed

80
Q

this part of the nail part of the nail that is hidden in the nail groove

this extends from Lunula

A

Nail root

81
Q

what is Lunula

A

the white crescent in the nails at the proximal portion

it exentends and connects to the nail root

82
Q

this part of the nail is proximal to the region of the nail root

  • where hair is produced
  • mature cells are pushed forward
A

Nail matrix

83
Q

this part of the nail
that is at the end of the nail
higly keratinized
above the nail root and lunula

A

Nail cuticle or Eponychium

84
Q

this part of the nail inderior aspect of the distal end of the nail plate
- thickened accumulaion of startum corneum being shed

A

Hyponychium

85
Q

This is also known as the subcutaneus tissue

- has adipose tissue

A

Hypodermis

86
Q

Loose connective tissue that bind the dermis

A

Hypodermis

87
Q

what is formed when there is an over dose of adipose tissues

A

Panniculus adiposus

88
Q

types of Nerve endings in the Skin

A
  • Afferent

- Efferent

89
Q

this nerve ending in the skin

  • free nerve endings
  • expanded endings
  • subserve heat, cold heat and fine touch
  • end bulb of kraus
A

Afferent nerve ending

90
Q

This corpuscle is large and ovoid in shape

like an onion cut. detects vibrations and pressure changes

A
  • Vater pacini corpuscle
91
Q

This corpuscle has touch receptors in papillary layer of hairless skin, in dermal papillae
- cylindrical shape oriented

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

92
Q

this nerve ending in the skin

  • regulates glands and caliber of blood vessels
  • has naked endings of axon in interstitial space
A

Efferent nerve endings

93
Q

What are the Appendages of the skin

A

Hair
Nail
Cutaneous glands

94
Q

these are derived from the epidermis
have specific functions
confined in the dermis

A

Appendages of the skin

95
Q

This appendage of the skin is highly keratinzed

  • covers whole body
  • varies in thickness
  • imprtant sense organ
A

Hair

96
Q

Parts of the hair

A
  • Hair Shaft

- Hair root

97
Q

This part of the hair is embedded in the skin and enclosed by epithelial sheaths

A

Hair Root

98
Q

This part of the hair projected from the surface of the skin

A

Hair Shaft

99
Q

Comprises of Hair root + internal root sheaths

A

Hair Follicle

100
Q

3 segments of the Hair Follicle

A
  • Infundibulum
  • Isthmus
  • Inferior segment
101
Q

this segment of the hair follicle contains the hair bulb and the dermal/ hair papilla

A

Inferior Segment

102
Q

this segment of the hair follicle extends from the end of infundibulum to the insertion of the arrector pili

A

Isthmus

103
Q

this segment of the hair follicle from the surface opening of the hair follicle to the level of the sebaceous glands

A

Infundibulum

104
Q

Associated structures to the Hair follicle

A
  • Sebaceous glands
  • Arrector pili muscle
  • Hair bulb
  • Dermal hair papillae
105
Q

this is an associated structure to the hair follicle are ducts that open into the upper third of the follicle

A

Sebaceous Gland

106
Q

this is an associated structure to the hair follicle expands terminal portion of the hair follicle

A

Hair Bulb

107
Q

this is an associated structure to the hair follicle has smooth skin muscle
- one end is attached to the mid lenght hair other is dermis
straightens the hair

A

Arrector Pili muscle

108
Q

this is an associated structure to the hair follicle at the base of the hair bulb in the invagination
- connectove tissue that have capillaries supporting the hair nutrients

A

Dermal Pappilla

109
Q

Hair Formation

A

Hair Matrix

110
Q

this hair formation envelopes the dermal papilla

- cells are mitotic and active and rich in blood

A

Hair Matrix

111
Q

Anagen

A

Active growth period of the Hairs

112
Q

Rest periods of the Hair growth

A

Telogen

113
Q

Two types of Cell present in the Hair matrix

A
  • Epithelial cells

- Melanocytes

114
Q

type of cell in the hair matrix that is scattered among cells, responsible for hair color and produce melanin

A

Melanocytes

115
Q

type of cell in the hair matrix that actively proliferate, differentiate and move upwards
- many types
- keratin
-

A

Epithelial cells

116
Q

Concentric layers of the Hair

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

117
Q

concentric layer of the hairt that is the thinnest and outermost
- flat

A

Hair cuticle

118
Q

concentric layer of the hair that is the innermost. core of hair
none in thin hair

A

Medulla

119
Q

concentric layer of the hair that surround the medulla
thickest
differentiates cells
packed with dead cells at maturity

A

Cortex

120
Q

Hair sheath

A

these are 2 layers that encloses the hair root and form outer layer

121
Q

2 types of root sheaths

A
  • Internal

- External

122
Q

type of root sheath that has epidermis of the skin
- near skin
deepest layer
- startum germinativum

A

External Root Sheath

123
Q

type of root sheath

  • formed by peripheral cells
  • surround initial hair shaft segments
  • absent above level of sebaceous glands
A

Internal root sheath

124
Q

NErves associated with HAir

A
  • Lanceolate endings

- free encapsulated nerve endings

125
Q

Nerves associated with HAir

A
  • Lanceolate endings

- free encapsulated nerve endings

126
Q

Nerves associated with Hair

A
  • Lanceolate endings

- free encapsulated nerve endings

127
Q

Cutaneous Glands

A
  • Sebaceous glands

- sweat glands

128
Q

cutaneous glands known as to be found where there is hair present

A

Sebaceous glands

129
Q

these glands turn into acne and pimple during puberty

A

Sebaceous glands

130
Q

these glands are secretory product + secretion of cells + cells that produce the secretion

A

Holocrine glands

131
Q

its the secretion of sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin

– single layer of flattened cuboidal cells

A

Sebum

132
Q

this is the cutaneous gland that is for thermoregulation

A

Sweat glands

133
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

Ecorine

Apocrine

134
Q

This type of sweat gland is spread all over the body

  • has ducts that open
  • start since childhood
  • secretes sweat
A

Ecorine sweat gland

135
Q

ducts that open in the ecorine sweat gland

A

Sweat pores

136
Q

3 cells in the Ecorine csweat gland

A
  • Myoepithelial
  • Dark cells
  • Light cells
137
Q

this type of ecorine sweat gland rests on basal lamina

  • secretes water and electroltes
  • most watery sweat
A

Light cells

138
Q

this type of ecorine sweat gland
- broad and tapered
-have dense glcoprotein
-

A

Dark cells

139
Q

this type of ecorine sweat gland

  • in epithelial cells and basal lamina
  • help evacuate secretion of glands
A

Myoepithelial

140
Q

This type of sweat gland

  • found in axilla, anus
  • areola and labia majora
  • coiled tubular
  • open direct to skin
  • after puberty
  • strerile and odoless
A

Apocrine sweat gland

141
Q

Modified sweat glands

A
  • Glands of Moll
  • Glands of Zeis
  • Ceruminous Glands
  • Mammary Glands
142
Q

Glands of Molls

A

Eyelids

secretes into follicles

143
Q

GLands of zeis

A

usual sites for styes along with glands of molls

144
Q

in the external auditory canal

A

Ceraminous glands

145
Q

Sexretes Milk

A

Mammary gland

Module 3 Musculoskeletal system (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions