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1MBChB Revision > Symptoms > Flashcards

Symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

watery nasal discharge, mild pyrexia, malaise, sore nose and throat, tiredness, sneezing

A

coryza

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2
Q

frontal headache, facial pain, purulent rhinorrhoea, fever

A

sinusitis

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3
Q

nasal irritation, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, irritated soft palate, wheeze, itchy eyes and ears

A

seasonal rhinitis

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4
Q

loss of taste and smell, nasal blockage, rhinorrhoea

A

perennial rhinitis

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5
Q

sore throat, tonsilar lymph node enlargement, localised endemics of conjunctivitis and fever

A

pharyngitis

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6
Q

hoarseness, croup (barking cough) stridor, progressive airway obstruction

A

acute laryngotracheobronchitis

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7
Q

severe airflow obstruction, high fever

age 2-7

A

actute epilottitis

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8
Q

abrupt fever, severe headache, shivering and aching, sore throat and dry cough

A

influenza

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9
Q

irritating dry cough becoming productive, breathlessness, wheeze, mild fever
COPD

A

acute bronchitis

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10
Q

fever and rigors, pleuritic chest pain, breathlessness, cough (dry or productive), anorexia

A

pneumonia

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11
Q

productive cough, breathlessness, infective exacerbation, wheeze

A

COPD

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12
Q

chest tightness, wheeze, dry cough, breathlessness worse at night

A

asthma

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13
Q

loud snoring, daytime sleepiness, unrefreshed/retless sleep, headache, large neck and tongue, small mandible

obese, COPD, respiratory depressants, narrow pharyngeal opening

A

OSA

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14
Q

productive cough (yellow green sputum that can become haemoptysis), halitosis, recurrent febrile episodes and malaise, clubbing, coarse crackles and pneumonic episodes

A

bronchiectasis

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15
Q

persiting pneumonia, foul sputum, malaise, weight loss, raised inflammatory markers

A

lung abscess

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16
Q

recurrent infections, sinusitis (nasal polyps), breathlessness, haemoptysis, steathorreoa, meconium ileus, malapbsorption, abnormal teenage milestones

A

CF

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17
Q

persistent productive cough (3+ weeks), occaisonal haemoptysis, weight loss, night sweats, fever, fatigue, hoarseness, pleuritic pain

A

TB

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18
Q

erythema nodosum, uveitis, fatigue, weight loss, peripheral lymphadenopathy

A

sarcoidosis

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19
Q

severe rhinorrhoea –> nasal mucosa ulcer, cough, haemoptysis, pleuritic pain, occaisionally involves the skin and nervous system

A

Wegners granulomatosis

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20
Q

rhinitis and asthma, breathlessness, cough, difficulty passing urine, cold peripheries, systemic vasculitis (fever, sweats, fatigue, weight loss, rash)

A

Churg-Strauss syndrome

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21
Q

joint pain, fatigue, skin rash, pleurisy with or without effusion, effusions (small/bilateral), basal pneumonitis (restricted chest movement due to pleural pain

A

SLE

Systemic lupus erythematosis

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22
Q

progressive breathlessness, dry cough, cyanosis, fine bilateral end-inspiratory crackles, clubbing, assoiated with autoimmune disease

A

IPF

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23
Q

fever, malaise, cough, breathlessness, wheeze, coarse end inspiratory crackes, weight loss and IPF features

A

EAA

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24
Q

considerable effort dyspnoea, cough and black sputum

occupational history

A

coal workers pneumoconiosis

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25
Q

progressive breathlessness, clubbing, bilateral basal end-respiratory crackles
occupational history

A

asbestosis

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26
Q

sudden onset pleuritic pain, increasing breathlessness, pallor, tachycardia, mediastinal shift

A

pneumothorax

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27
Q

ongoing fever, persistent pneumonic symptoms

A

empyema

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28
Q

breathlessness and sometimes chest pain but rarely

A

pleural effusion

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29
Q

breathlessness, tachypnoea, increasing hypoxaemia, central cyanosis, fine bilateral crackles

A

ARDS

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30
Q

progressive breathlessness, ankle oedema, parasternal heave, tricuspid regurgitation, ECG pattern of RVH

A

pulmonary hypertension / cor pulmonare

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31
Q

sudden breathlessness, sudden chest pain, haemoptysis, tachypniea, fever, pleural rub, raised JVP

A

PE

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32
Q

breathlessness, orthopnoea, leg/abdominal swelling, cough and haemoptysis, pale skin

A

pulmonary oedema

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33
Q

cough, breathlessness, haemoptysis, chest paun ,weheeze, hoarseness, weight loss, dysphagia

A

lung cancer

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34
Q

sweating, headaches, palpitations, breathlessness

A

hypertension

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35
Q

Heavy/tight/gripping chest pain, typically on exertion, radiating to the jaw and/or arms

A

angina

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36
Q

new onset chest pain/chest pain at rest/worsening angina/worst pain ever felt, atypical features of indigestion, pleuritic pain and breathlessness

A

ACS

37
Q

exertional dyspnoea, orthopneoa, tiredness, pink frothy sputum, cardiomegaly, V hypertrophy, S3 and S4, raised JVP, crackles, pleural effusion, ankle oedema, ascites, hepatomegaly

A

heart failure

38
Q

Palpitations, Fast/slow/irregular pulse, Dizziness, syncope, Dyspnoea, chest

A

arrhythmias

39
Q

Breathlessness, fatigue, Ankle swelling, Pansystolic →axilla, Displaced apex

A

valve disease

40
Q

Asymptomatic until mod-severe, Breathlessness, dizziness, chest pain, Ejection systolic →carotids, Slow-rising pulse, heaving apex

A

aortic stenosis

41
Q

Breathlessness on exertion, fatigue, Palpitations, malar flush, Mid-diastolic rumbling, tapping apex

A

mitral stenosis

42
Q

Breathlessness, chest pain, dizziness, Collapsing pulse, Corrigan’s sign, Early diastolic, Displaced apex

A

aortic regurgitation

43
Q

Breathlessness, fatigue, Fever, weight loss, New/changing heart murmur, Sepsis/embolic events of unknown origin, Clubbing, splinter haemorrhages, Roth spots, Janeway lesions, Osler nodes

A

infective endocarditis

44
Q

Pain, ulceration, dry skin, Hair loss, Diminished/absent pulses

A

peripheral vascular disease

45
Q

pain, pallor, paraesthesia (tingling), paralysis, perishing cold (the 5 P’s).

A

acute lower limb ischaemia

46
Q

Severe pain -> back, hypotension, tachycardia, anaemia, Mimic renal colic, diverticulitis, abdo pain, Pulsatile/expansile abdo mass, Discoloured peripheries

A

AAA

47
Q

PE like features, calf pain, leg swelling, ankle oedema, cyanotic discoloration

A

DVT

48
Q

pain, tenderness, redness, swelling in legs

A

thrombophlebitis

49
Q

Central cyanosis due to right-to-left shunts, pulmonary hypertension from large left-to-right shunts, Clubbing (assoc. with prolonged cyanosis), Paradoxical embolisms (assoc. with patent foramen ovale)

A

CHD

50
Q

bounding pulse, machine gun murmur

A

patnet ductus arteriosus

51
Q

Limb weakness on opp. side to infarct, Hemiplagia/hemiparesis, facial weakness, Aphasia (language disorder), Headache, unconsciousness (rare)

A

stroke

52
Q

Asymptomatic, Chest pain, dyspnoea, syncope, LV outflow obstruction, Double apex pulsation, S4, Jerky carotid pulse, systolic murmur, Hypertrophy affecting IV septum

A

cardiomyopathies

53
Q

Arrhythmias, heart failure, Thromboembolism

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

54
Q

Syncope, Ventricular arrhythmias, RHF in later stages

A

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

55
Q

Heart failure symptoms, Hepatic enlargement, ascites

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

56
Q

Palpitations, Fatigue, dyspnoea, Chest pain, Heart failure

A

heart failure

57
Q

white patches in the mouth

A

leukoplakia

58
Q

Heartburn, aggravated by lying down, Regurgitation of food and acid, Nocturnal cough, Waterbrash (excessive salivation)

A

GORD, barrets oesophagus

59
Q

intermittent dysphagia for both S+L; regurgitation particularly at night; chest pain (spasms)

A

achalasia

60
Q

Progressive dysphagia, Weight loss (loss of appetite), Chest pain, Hoarse voice, Metastases – direct
invasion/lymphatic/vascular

A

oesophageal cancer

61
Q

Feeling of fullness, bloating, Nausea, vomiting, Weight loss, Abdominal pain

A

gastroparesis

62
Q

Epigastric pain, Loss of appetite and weight, Vomiting (hematemesis in later stages), Dysphagia

A

gastric cancer

63
Q

Burning epigastric pain, Loss of appetite and weight, Feeling of fullness, nausea, Dyspepsia, Increased acid production, Reflux symptoms

A

peptic ulcer disease

64
Q

Haematemesis, coffee-ground vomiting or malaena

A

upper GI bleed

65
Q

Asymptomatic, non-specific, Diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, Abdominal pain, Mouth ulcers, angular stomatitis, Weight loss, Anxiety and depression

A

coeliac disease

66
Q

Severe abdominal (colicky) pain, Abdominal distension + tenderness, ↓bowel sounds, Faeculent vomiting

A

small bowel obstruction

67
Q

painless malaena

A

meckels diverticulum

68
Q

Epigastric pain -> RIF (McBurney’s point), Anorexia, Nausea, vomiting, Tenderness in RIF, Low-grade fever, Roving’s (pain in RIF when LIF palpated)

A

Appendicitis

69
Q

Abdominal cramps, Diarrhoea, Weight loss, Painful ulcers, Abscesses

A

CD

70
Q

Diarrhoea + bleeding + mucus, Increased bowel frequency, Urgency, tenesmus, incontinence, Night rising, Lower abdominal pain (LIF), Weight loss

A

UC

71
Q

Left-sided abdominal pain, Altered bowel habit, Nausea, Sepsis, PR bleeds

A

diverticular disease

72
Q

Diarrhoea ± blood, Cramping pain, Dehydration, Weight loss

A

Colitis

73
Q

change in bowel habit, weight loss, rectal bleeding, tenesmus, anaemia

A

bowel cancer

74
Q

Bloating, Abdominal pain/discomfort, Increased frequency of toilet visits, Mucus stool, Incomplete emptying

A

IBS

75
Q 
Yellow eyes and skin, Hepatosplenomegaly, Ascites, Signs of chronic liver disease (opposite)
Xanthelasma/xanthomas
Spider naevi, caput medusa
Clubbing
Duputren’s contracture
A

Jaundice

76
Q

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, Anorexia, weakness, fever, malaise, arthralgia, Hepatosplenomegaly

A

Hep A

More severe = Hep B

77
Q

fatigue, discomfort, myalgia, loss of appetite

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

78
Q

Jaundice, Lethargy, Itch, Nausea, Pain, Encephalopathy + hypoglycaemia if FHF

A

acute and fulminant liver failure

79
Q

Jaundice, Nausea, vomiting, Steatorrhoea, Ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, Spider naevi, caput medusa etc.

A

alcoholic liver disease

80
Q

Itch without a rash, Fatigue, Xanthelasma, Arthralgia, osteoporosis, Hepatosplenomegaly, Jaundice

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

81
Q

weight loss, abdominal pain, herpatomegaly, lymphadenopathy

A

liver cancer

82
Q
  • Signs of liver disease
  • Hepatomegaly
  • Hypothyroidism, joint pain
  • Slate grey appearance
A

haemochromatosis

83
Q

Kayser-fleisher rings, signs of liver disease

A

wilsons disease

84
Q

Asymptomatic
• Biliary colic – RUQ colicky pain (± radiation to shoulder) due to impact of stone in cystic duct
o Tender RUQ
o Nausea, vomiting
• Acute cholecystitis – infection of gall bladder due to accumulating bile as a result of impacted stone
obstructing the gall bladder
o Constant RUQ pain (± radiation to shoulder)
o Fever, vomiting
o Pyrexia, tenderness, guarding, Murphy’s sign

A

Gall stones

85
Q

• Pale stools, dark urine
• Pruritis
• Charcoat’s triad: jaundice,
fever, RUQ pain

A

ascending cholangitis

86
Q

fever, fatigue, RUQ pain, wight loss, pruritus

A

primary sclerosing cholangitis

87
Q

weight loss, jaundice, anorexia, lethargy

A

biliary tumours

88
Q
  • Severe epigastric pain -> back
  • Fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
  • Tachycardia, hypotension
  • ↓bowel sounds if ileus
  • Grey Turner’s sign (flank bruising)
  • Cullen’s sign (periumbilical bruising)
A

acute pancreatitis

89
Q

Chronic abdominal pain • Steatorrhoea

A

chronic pancreatitis

1MBChB Revision (12 decks)

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