Sympathomimetics Flashcards
Applications
- anaphylaxis
- open angle galucoma
- asthma, hypotension,
- alpha effects predominat at high doses
define drug & effect
- Epinephrine
- Beta>alpha
Applications
Hypotension (but dec renal perfusion)
define drug & effect
- Norepinehrine
- alpha 1> alpha 2> beta 1
Applications
- Electrophysiologic evaluation of tachyarrhythmias
- Can worsen ischemia
define drug & effect
- Isoproterenol
- Beta 1 = beta 2
Applications
Unstable bradycardia, heart failure, shock; inotropic and chronotropic alpha effects predominate at high doses
define drug & effect
- Dopamine
- D1=D2> beta> alpha
Applications
- Heart failure (inotropic>chronotropic)
- cardiac stress testing
define drug & effect
- Dobutamine
- Beta 1 > beta 2, alpha
Applications
- Hypotension (vasoconstrictor)
- Ocular procedures (mydriatic)
- Rhinitis (decongestant)
define drug & effect
- Phenylephrine
- alpha 1> alpha 2
Applications
- _ _for acute asthma
- _ _for long term asthma or COPD controle
- _ _to reduce premature tureine contracitons.
define drug & effect
Applications
- Albuterol for acute asthma
- Salmeterold for long term asthma or COPD control
- Terbutaline to reduce premature uterine contractions.
Beta2 > Beta1
Applications
- Narcolepsy, obesity, attention defficit disorder
- indirect general agonist, reuptake inhibitor also relseaers stored catecholamines
define drug
Amphetamine
Applications
- Nasal decongestion, urinary incontinece, hypotension
- Indirect general agonist, releases stored catecholamines
define drug
Ephedrine
Applications
Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia
NEVER give Beta blockers if _ _ intoxication is supseected (can lead to unopposed alpha1 activation and extreme hypertension).
indirect genealt agonsits, reuptake inhibitor
define drug & effect
cocaine!
Applications
- Hypertenisive urgency (limited situations) does not decrease renal blood flow
- ADHD, sever pain, and vairety of off-label inidcaitons (ethanol and opioid w/drawal)
toxicity
- CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression and small pupil size
ID drug
Clonidine
Applications
- Hypertension in pregnancy
- safe in pregnancy
toxicity
- Direct coombs + hemolytic anemai, SLE-like syndrome
ID drug
Alpha-methyldopa
Applications
Pheochromocytoma (used preoperatively) to prevent catecholamine (hypertensive) crisis
Phenoxybenzamine
(irreversible)
Phenoxybenzamine
SE
- Othrostatic hypertension
- Reflex tachycardia
Applications
Give to pts on MAO inhibitors who eat tyramine containing foods
Phentolamine
(reversible)
Applications
- Urinary symptomes of BPH
- PTSD _ _
- Hypertenstion (except for )
- Alpha-1 selective (-osin ending)
- Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
- PTSD: Prazosin
- Hypertension (except tamsulosin)
Alpha-1 selective (-osin ending)
SE
1st dose orthostatic hypertension, dizziness, headache
Applications
Depression
(alpha-2)
- What is the drug
- SE of the drug
- Mirtazapine
- Sedation, inc serum cholesterol, inc appetite
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
Angina pectoris
- dec heart rate and contractility
- resulting in O2 consumption
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
MI
which 3 drugs cause this effect (BC-M)
- dec mortality
- Bisoprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
SVT (metoprolol, esmolol)
- dec AV conduction velocity
- (class II antiarrhynthmic)
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
Hypertension
dec what 2 things and def the mech of actino on kidneys)
- dec Cardiac output
- dec renin secretion (due to B1-receptor blockade on JGA cells)
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
CHF
slows progression of chronic failure
What are the effects of beta-blockers on:
Glaucoma (timolol)
dec secretion of aqueous humor
What drug has the following toxicity:
- Impotence
- Cardiovascular adverse effects (bradycardia, AV block, CHF)
- CNS adverse effects (seizures,sedation, sleep alterations)
- dyslipidemia (metoprolol)
- asthematics/COPDers (may cause exacerbation)
beta-blockers
What class of drugs do you avoid in cocaine users
and why?
- beta-blockers
- to avoid risk of unopposed alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist activity
which class of beta blockers go from
- A-M
- N-Z
- have modified suffixes (-olol)
- B1-Selective antagonists
- B1=B2 nonselective antagonists
- carvedilol, labetalol
Which drug
combineds cardiac selective beta-1 adrenergic blockade with stimulation of beta3 receptors,
which activate what?
- Nebivolol
- activates nitric oxide synthase in the vasculature
