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FA-Pharmacology > Sympathomimetics > Flashcards

Sympathomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

Applications

  • anaphylaxis
  • open angle galucoma
  • asthma, hypotension,
  • alpha effects predominat at high doses

define drug & effect

A
  • Epinephrine
  • Beta>alpha
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2
Q

Applications

Hypotension (but dec renal perfusion)

define drug & effect

A
  • Norepinehrine
  • alpha 1> alpha 2> beta 1
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3
Q

Applications

  • Electrophysiologic evaluation of tachyarrhythmias
  • Can worsen ischemia

define drug & effect

A
  • Isoproterenol
  • Beta 1 = beta 2
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4
Q

Applications

Unstable bradycardia, heart failure, shock; inotropic and chronotropic alpha effects predominate at high doses

define drug & effect

A
  • Dopamine
  • D1=D2> beta> alpha
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5
Q

Applications

  • Heart failure (inotropic>chronotropic)
  • cardiac stress testing

define drug & effect

A
  • Dobutamine
  • Beta 1 > beta 2, alpha
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6
Q

Applications

  • Hypotension (vasoconstrictor)
  • Ocular procedures (mydriatic)
  • Rhinitis (decongestant)

define drug & effect

A
  • Phenylephrine
  • alpha 1> alpha 2
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7
Q

Applications

  • _ _for acute asthma
  • _ _for long term asthma or COPD controle
  • _ _to reduce premature tureine contracitons.

define drug & effect

A

Applications

  • Albuterol for acute asthma
  • Salmeterold for long term asthma or COPD control
  • Terbutaline to reduce premature uterine contractions.

Beta2 > Beta1

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8
Q

Applications

  • Narcolepsy, obesity, attention defficit disorder
  • indirect general agonist, reuptake inhibitor also relseaers stored catecholamines

define drug

A

Amphetamine

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9
Q

Applications

  • Nasal decongestion, urinary incontinece, hypotension
  • Indirect general agonist, releases stored catecholamines

define drug

A

Ephedrine

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10
Q

Applications

Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

NEVER give Beta blockers if _ _ intoxication is supseected (can lead to unopposed alpha1 activation and extreme hypertension).

indirect genealt agonsits, reuptake inhibitor

define drug & effect

A

cocaine!

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11
Q

Applications

  • Hypertenisive urgency (limited situations) does not decrease renal blood flow
  • ADHD, sever pain, and vairety of off-label inidcaitons (ethanol and opioid w/drawal)

toxicity

  • CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression and small pupil size

ID drug

A

Clonidine

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12
Q

Applications

  • Hypertension in pregnancy
  • safe in pregnancy

toxicity

  • Direct coombs + hemolytic anemai, SLE-like syndrome

ID drug

A

Alpha-methyldopa

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13
Q

Applications

Pheochromocytoma (used preoperatively) to prevent catecholamine (hypertensive) crisis

A

Phenoxybenzamine

(irreversible)

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14
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

SE

A
  • Othrostatic hypertension
  • Reflex tachycardia
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15
Q

Applications

Give to pts on MAO inhibitors who eat tyramine containing foods

A

Phentolamine

(reversible)

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16
Q

Applications

  • Urinary symptomes of BPH
  • PTSD _ _
  • Hypertenstion (except for )
A
  • Alpha-1 selective (-osin ending)
  • Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
  • PTSD: Prazosin
  • Hypertension (except tamsulosin)
17
Q

Alpha-1 selective (-osin ending)

SE

A

1st dose orthostatic hypertension, dizziness, headache

18
Q

Applications

Depression

(alpha-2)

  • What is the drug
  • SE of the drug
A
  • Mirtazapine
  • Sedation, inc serum cholesterol, inc appetite
19
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

Angina pectoris

A
  • dec heart rate and contractility
  • resulting in O2 consumption
20
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

MI

which 3 drugs cause this effect (BC-M)

A
  • dec mortality
  • Bisoprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol
21
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

SVT (metoprolol, esmolol)

A
  • dec AV conduction velocity
  • (class II antiarrhynthmic)
22
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

Hypertension

dec what 2 things and def the mech of actino on kidneys)

A
  • dec Cardiac output
  • dec renin secretion (due to B1-receptor blockade on JGA cells)
23
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

CHF

A

slows progression of chronic failure

24
Q

What are the effects of beta-blockers on:

Glaucoma (timolol)

A

dec secretion of aqueous humor

25
Q

What drug has the following toxicity:

  • Impotence
  • Cardiovascular adverse effects (bradycardia, AV block, CHF)
  • CNS adverse effects (seizures,sedation, sleep alterations)
  • dyslipidemia (metoprolol)
  • asthematics/COPDers (may cause exacerbation)
A

beta-blockers

26
Q

What class of drugs do you avoid in cocaine users

and why?

A
  • beta-blockers
  • to avoid risk of unopposed alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist activity
27
Q

which class of beta blockers go from

  • A-M
  • N-Z
  • have modified suffixes (-olol)
A
  • B1-Selective antagonists
  • B1=B2 nonselective antagonists
  • carvedilol, labetalol
28
Q

Which drug

combineds cardiac selective beta-1 adrenergic blockade with stimulation of beta3 receptors,

which activate what?

A
  • Nebivolol
  • activates nitric oxide synthase in the vasculature

FA-Pharmacology (13 decks)

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