Sympathetic Nervous System Flashcards
Other term for Sympathetic Nervous System
ADRENERGIC System
System Responsible for arousing and adrenaline rush or “FIGHT or Flight” response
Sympathetic Nervous System
NEUROTRANSMITTER of SNS
Norepinephrine, Epinephrine
Receptors of SNS
Alpha
Beta
Dopamine
It is the primary neurotransmitter of
postganglionic sympathetic adrenergic
nerves
Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine is released by the nerve when an ________ travels down the nerve
Action potential
Norepinephrine is synthesized inside nerve axon in the __________ and stored within _______
Adrenal medulla
Vesicles
What are the fates of Norepinephrine
Biosynthesis
Release
Binding to receptor (α, β and D)
Metabolism (30% inactivation)– MAO & COMT
Reuptake (70% of inactivation
facilitates the entry of tyrosine
Sodium (Na+)
facilitates the release of neurotransmitter
Calcium (Ca+2)
considered as “rate-limiting step”
catalyzed by tyrosine hydroxylase
Responsible for 70% of inactivation
REUPTAKE
Responsible for 30% of inactivation
METABOLISM
Steps in Epinephrine Biosynthesis (Lowest -Highest)
Tyrosine
DOPA
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
DOPA-Dopamine is catalyzed by ______
dopa decarboxylase
Dopamine– Norepinephrine is catalyzed by ______
dopamine-b-hydroxylase (Addition of (OH) group in C2/ beta carbon)
NE– Epinephrine is catalyzed by _________
Phenyl ethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PENMT)
Reuptake is facilitated by __________
Norepinephrine transporter (NET)
Responsible for Phase 1 metabolism/oxidation
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Responsible for Phase 2 / methylation
Catechol-O-methyltransferase ( COMT)
This final product is measured in urine and plasma in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
