Sx asepsis and Sx Technique

Question 1

What is asepsis?

Answer 1

Prevent/minimize wound contamination by destroying organisms before they enter the wound

Question 2

What is antisepsis?

Answer 2

killing of bacteria after they have entered the wound

Question 3

What is disinfection?

Answer 3

Use the germicidal substances to kill most microorganisms

Question 4

What is sterilization?

Answer 4

process of destroying all microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and spores)

Question 5

What is the goal of asepsis?

Answer 5

Minimize contamination of sx wounds

Question 6

What is the scrub technique method?

Answer 6

Two hand or one-hand transfer method

Question 7

How should the sx site be scrubbed?

Answer 7

Circular motion, site to periphery

Question 8

What is the contact time for scrub?

Answer 8

5 minutes

Question 9

What is the primary aerial source?

Answer 9

YOU

Question 10

Where should you not wear a lab coat?

Answer 10

sterile area

Question 11

T/F: Alcohol based waterless hand rubs are just as effective as traditional techniques

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

Why should you let water faucets run before starting scrub?

Answer 12

Faucets often harbour pathogenic bacteria

Question 13

What are the three types of scrubs?

Answer 13

4% chlorhexidine
10-15% povidone iodine
Alcohol based hand rubs

Question 14

What gloving technique is preferred?

Answer 14

Closed gloving

Question 15

What % of gloves have holes:

• before use
• end of a 2 hr. procedure
• post ortho procedures

Answer 15

12%
25%
50%

Question 16

Once sterile where should your hands be kept?

Answer 16

Between level of waist and axillae

Question 17

T/F: You should cross arms and place hands in axillae when waiting to start procedure

Answer 17

FALSE- NEVERRR

Question 18

What is the initial step in creating sterile operating field?

Answer 18

Quarter drapes

Question 19

How far should a surgeon stay away until the top drape is applied?

Answer 19

12”

Question 20

What is not sterile on your body once sx starts?

Answer 20

back, neck, shoulders, axillae, below waist

Question 21

What are the physical vs. chemical sterilization methods?

Answer 21

Physical: Thermal, filtration, radiation
Chemical: plasma, ethylene oxide, disinfectants

Question 22

What is the most common sterilization method?

Answer 22

Steam sterilization- destruction or denaturation of cellular proteins

Question 23

What is the minimum standard of steam sterilization?

Answer 23

250 degrees for 15-30 minutes

Question 24

What are sterilization indicators for steam sterilization?

Answer 24

Chemical- tape/strips

Question 25

When are “cold” disinfectants used?

Answer 25

scopes which can’t be sterilized in other methods

NEVER FOR INSTRUMENTS

Question 26

What is the time difference for disinfection vs. sterilization with “cold” disinfectants?

Answer 26

Disinfection: 10 minutes
Sterilization: 10 hrs

Question 27

What is the max thickness of packs that can be sterilized?

Answer 27

12” thick

Question 28

What should be placed on infrequently used packs?

Answer 28

Expiration dates

Question 29

What is the shelf life of the following:
Heat sealed paper/transparent plastic pouch:
2 layers, nonwoven polypropylene fabric:
2 layers, cloth:

Answer 29

1yr
8 wks.
4 wks

Question 30

What reduces risk of infection by removing bacteria and loose tissue fragments from wound?

Answer 30

Wound lavage

Question 31

What is the difference in primary, intermediate delayed and secondary delayed hemorrhage?

Answer 31

Primary: bleeding during procedure
Intermediate delayed: w/in 24 hrs of sx
Secondary delayed: after 24 hrs (result of ineffective ligation)

Question 32

What are three topical hemostatic agents?

Answer 32

Gelfoam: gelatin sponge from pig skin
Surgicel: absorbable plant based cellulose
Hemablock: microporous polysaccharide powder

Question 33

Where should the circumferential ligature be placed in terms of location to transfixion ligature?

Answer 33

Proximal