Swine History

Question 1

swine date back 40 million years ago in _____

Answer 1

Europe and Asia

Question 2

what is the birthplace of swine domestication

Answer 2

China

Question 3

wild swine roamed in ___ herds and consumed _____.

Answer 3

large herds

roots, acorns, beechnuts, forages, dead animals, birds, lizards, eggs

Question 4

swine became associated with the “unknown” and “unclean” in what country

Answer 4

Egypt

Question 5

how did the Roman Empire affect swine

Answer 5

1. spread with the expansion of the empire

2. improved as bred with non-domesticated pigs

Question 6

the Celtic bred ____ muscled, ____ framed pigs

Answer 6

heavy muscled; large framed

Question 7

Sourthern Europe bred ____ type, ____ frame pigs

Answer 7

lard type; small framed

Question 8

Hernando de Soto landed with ___ head in Tampa Bay, which turned into ___ head 3 years later.

Answer 8

13; 700

Question 9

Cortex introduced hogs to ____

Answer 9

New Mexico

Question 10

Sir Walter Raleigh brought swine to _____

Answer 10

Jamestown

Question 11

pilgrims brought swine to ___

Answer 11

plymouth (none survived 1st winter)

Question 12

3 ways meat was preserved

Answer 12

smoked
cured (salt pork)
canned

Question 13

fat was used for:

Answer 13

candles
cooking
soap

Question 14

17th century the typical farmer owned how many pigs

Answer 14

4-5

Question 15

2 previsions of the laws passed in 17th century due to pigs roaming the towns

Answer 15

ear notching

rings in noses

Question 16

homestead act

Answer 16

• allowed people to move from east because it was too crowded there
• bought from France for $15 million

Question 17

3 production locations in early swine industry

Answer 17

TN, KY, OH

Question 18

named the “Porkopolis”

Answer 18

Cincinnati

Question 19

1850’s swine were taken to the market by:

Answer 19

“droves”

• herds covered 5-8 miles/day
• total of up to 700 miles

Question 20

railroad allowed for:

Answer 20

transportation of live hogs to market

Question 21

post Civil War swine production

Answer 21

• refrigerated rail car
• production shifted to corn belt (“hog belt”)
• packing plants moved to center of production
• terminal markets

Question 22

4 places terminal markets were located

Answer 22

Chicago
Kansas City
St. Joseph
Sioux City

Question 23

in early production lard type hogs were being raised with an average back fat thickness of:

Answer 23

2.86 inches

Question 24

lard was used to make what in WWI and WWII

Answer 24

nitroglycerine for explosives

Question 25

spam in WWII

Answer 25

• GIs ate spam for all 3 meals
• Pacific Islands (a lot in Hawaii still)
• Europe

Question 26

what major event lead to one of the biggest changes in pork production

Answer 26

demand for leaner pork product after WWII

Question 27

National Pork Board formed in what year

Answer 27

1970s

Question 28

swine slogan in the 80s

Answer 28

Pork the Other White Meat

-because of the health kick

Question 29

swine production started moving inside in what year

Answer 29

1990’s

Question 30

reasons for moving production inside

Answer 30

• controlled environment
• worker ease
• environmental

Question 31

major change from 90s to current

Answer 31

parts of the industry became vertically integrated

-control & ownership all the way through production cycle

Question 32

introduction of exotic breeds (in what year)

Answer 32

1990s

Question 33

slogan of 2010s

Answer 33

pork be inspired

Question 34

major characteristics of the 2010s

Answer 34

• biosecurity
• animal welfare
• quality
• input costs raised b/c of corn & soybean costs

Question 35

pigs marketed at age

Answer 35

156 days

Question 36

pigs marked at __ pounds

Answer 36

280-305 lbs

Question 37

pigs marketed at ___ dressing percentage

Answer 37

73-76

Question 38

pigs marketed with back fat thickness of

Answer 38

.75

Question 39

sows wean about how many pigs/year

Answer 39

> 25