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ASC 408G Swine Production > Swine Diseases > Flashcards

Swine Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

born without an external anus because it was developed inside

A

atresia ani

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2
Q

atresia ani has a survival percentage of:

A

<1%

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3
Q

atresia ani is ____ unless it’s a female that can defecate from its vulva

A

lethal

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4
Q

temporary treatment for atresia ani

A

surgically cut an external anus that aligns with the digestive tract

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5
Q

a genetic condition caused by the recessive HAL gene

A

Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS)

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6
Q

PSS mainly affects what breed

A

Pietrain breed

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7
Q

the HAL gene is an abnormal gene that codes for the regulation of _____ levels

A

calcium

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8
Q

what is PSD and what disease is it associated with?

A

PSE (pale, soft, exudative meat), PSS (Porcine Stress Syndrome)

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9
Q

a disease that prevents the calcium channel from closing and increases metabolic rate

A

PSS

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10
Q

symptoms of PSS

A 
muscle tremors (tail twitching)
red and blotched skin
rigor mortis
rise in temperature
death
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11
Q

treatment for PSS

A

spraying pig with cold water (usually unsuccessful)

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12
Q

a parasite that affects swine, carnivorous animals, and humans that’s ingested through consumption of infected meat

A

trichinosis

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13
Q

a large outbreak of trichinosis in people led to:

A

confinement housing for pigs
change in swine diets
irradiation of meat
proper cooking techniques

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14
Q

symptoms of trichinosis

A

hard to observe symptoms

muscle apin and decreased weight gains

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15
Q

disease resulting from consuming feces containing oocytes (eggs) of the parasite

A

toxoplasmosis

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16
Q

how can humans become infected with toxoplasmosis

A
  • consuming tissue of animals infected with the parasite

- serious problem for pregnant women (handling effected feces)

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17
Q

what are 3 things that increase the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in swine

A

outdoor swine
cats on the premise
poor biosecurity

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18
Q

symptoms of toxoplasmosis

A

fever
coughing
diarrhea
death

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19
Q

treatment for toxoplasmosis

A

not common to receive medical treatment

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20
Q

in what 3 ways do skins diseases effect production

A

lower growth rate
lower feed efficiency
lower carcass value (damage to hide & excessive trimming)

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21
Q

lesions of the skin from Staphylococcus hyicus that produces toxins that are absorbed from the skin and damage the liver & kidneys

A

greasy pig disease

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22
Q

what 3 things cause flare ups of greasy pig disease

A

poor hygiene
high humidity
prior skin abrasions

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23
Q

symptoms of greasy pig disease

A

moist greasy feel to skin on face, then all over body

odoriferous smell from the skin

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24
Q

treatment for greasy pig disease

A

topical antimicrobials with mineral oil

electrolytes

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25
Q

a parasitic disease where Demodex Phyllodes live in the hair follicles

A

demodectic mange

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26
Q

symptoms of demodectic mange

A

dermatitis - around snout, eyes, thighs, & flanks
skin nodules with mites and fluid
lesions where skin nodules were
crusty skin spots on head

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27
Q

treatment of demodectic mange

A

spread through contact

spraying anti-parasitic treatment directly on skin

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28
Q

skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei

A

sarcoptic mange

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29
Q

how is sarcoptic mange spread

A

through direct contact

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30
Q

name the two types of sarcoptic mange

A

hyperkeratotic (6 months and older) and hypersensitive form (young growing animals)

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31
Q

symptoms of sarcoptic mange

A 
thick, rough, crusted skin
dull gray and brown lesions
lesions on ears. head, neck, shoulder, legs
itching 
hair loss
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32
Q

treatment for sarcoptic mange

A

topical sprays

injectable products

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33
Q

inflammation of 1 or more mammary glands

A

mastitis

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34
Q

mastitis during dry period

A

coliform mastitis

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35
Q

what 2 ways does bacteria enter causing mastitis?

A

through the teat

directly into the gland from sharp teeth

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36
Q

what causes mastitis

A

bacteria

secondary infection from perviously being infected

37
Q

risk factors of coliform mastitis

A

inadequate water
imbalanced diet
mycotoxins
warm environment

38
Q

symptoms of coliform mastitis

A

low performing pigs
dark blue color to ears and tail
swollen, purple milk glands

39
Q

mastitis that occurs sporadically in individual sows

A

staphylococcal mastitis

40
Q

symptoms of staphylococcal mastitis

A

poor gaining pigs
hot, swollen mammary glands
think, yellow to brown milk

41
Q

treatment for staph. mastitis

A

antibiotics

clean, dry environment

42
Q

3 types of mastitis

A

coliform mastitis
staphylococcus mastitis
streptococcal mastitis

43
Q

bacteria found on all farms that is excreted in saliva, feces, and urine

A

erysipelas

44
Q

where does the erysipelas bacteria multiply and what does it produce?

A

bloodstream; septicaemia

45
Q

what type of pigs are most likely to get erysipelas and why?

A

finishing pigs; because of the amount of contact with feces

46
Q

symptoms of erysipelas in sows

A 
stillbirths
abortions 
mummified pigs
infertility
fever over 108
raised, red diamonds in the skin that turn black
47
Q

symptoms of erysipelas in finishing pigs

A

fever
edema of snout
red, raised diamonds on skin that turn black

48
Q

symptoms of erysipelas in boars

A

poor production of sperm because of the high temperature

49
Q

treatment for erysipelas

A

penicillin injections
amoxicillin in the water
vaccination

50
Q

a virus that reproduces in the intestine and is passed through the feces and is resistant to disinfectants

A

parvovirus

51
Q

parvovirus affects mainly what types of pigs and how

A

guilts - crosses placenta during 1st half of gestation

boars - affects spermatogenesis

52
Q

symptoms of parvovirus

A

failure to come back to estrus
increased mummified fetuses
smaller litter size
prolonged gestation lengths

53
Q

treatment for parvovirus

A

no treatment

yearly vaccination

54
Q

most economically significant disease in swine production

A

PRRS

55
Q

how is PRRS transmitted

A

direct contact
aerial
body fluid

56
Q

how does PRRS affect sows and boars

A

reproductive impairment

57
Q

how does PRRS affect growing pigs

A

respiratory diseases

58
Q

caused by an enveloped RNA virus

A

PRRS

59
Q

what are the symptoms of PRRS in sows and boars

A 
abortions, stillbirths, mummified weak pigs
cyanosis of ears, abdomen, vulva
high pre-weaning mortality
low semen quality
respiratory distress
60
Q

what are the symptoms of PRRS in growing pigs?

A

cyanosis of ears
fever
coughing
pneumonia

61
Q

how is PRRS prevented and treated?

A

vaccinate
biosecurity
antibiotics for secondary infections

62
Q

the virus that causes porcine epidemic diarrhea is most likely to survive and effect swine when it is ____ and ____.

A

cold; wet

63
Q

symptoms of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

A

severe diarrhea
vomiting
high morbidity

64
Q

the virus that causes Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea is deactivated by what?

A

heat

65
Q

is there a vaccine for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea?

A

no

66
Q

how many new cases of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea are diagnosed each week?

A

40-50

67
Q

Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) is a slow progressive disease that affects weaned pigs that are what age?

A

6-12 weeks

68
Q

what disease is strongly associated with stress?

A

PMWS

69
Q

how is PMWS spread?

A 
fomites
fluids
stress
rodents
birds
70
Q

what are 4 symptoms of PMWS?

A

weight loss
swollen lymph nodes
diarrhea
poor breathing

71
Q

this is a viral disease that is spread fecal to oral commonly seen in winter months

A

TGE (Transmissible Gastronteritis)

72
Q

symptoms of TGE

A

vomiting
foul smelling diarrhea (b/c of excess fat)
weight loss
lack of appetite

73
Q

what is another name for Mycoplasmal Pneumonia?

A

Enzootic Pneumonia

74
Q

symptoms of Mycoplasmal pneumonia

A

unproductive cough
rough hair coat
lesions
mild chronic pneumonia

75
Q

treatment and prevention of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia

A

antibiotics

vaccination

76
Q

this is a zoonotic disease that causes respiratory problems and can lead to meningitis

A

streptococcus suis

77
Q

what age pigs is step. suis commonly seen in?

A

10 days-12 weeks

78
Q

what 4 ways is step. sues transmitted?

A

orally
aerosols
flies
rodents

79
Q

symptoms of streptococcus suis

A 
tremors
blindness
paddling
arthritis
lameness
abortion 
fever
80
Q

two main strands of swine influenza

A

H1N1

H3N2

81
Q

4 ways swine flu is transmitted

A

direct contact
airborne particles
secretions
aerosols

82
Q

symptoms of swine influenza

A 
fever
nasal discharge
cough
abortion (due to high fever)
high morbidity, low mortality
83
Q

2 treatments options for swine flu

A

loss stress environment

treat secondary infections

84
Q

a zoonotic disease that spreads through contact with urine and water that typically goes undiagnosed

A

leptospirosis

85
Q

symptoms of lepto in sows and guilts

A

stillbirths
weak piglets
mummified pigs
premature piglets

86
Q

symptoms of lepto in young pigs

A

hemorrhaging

jaundice

87
Q

2 treatments for leptospirosis

A

tetracyclines

streptomycin

88
Q

2 prevention methods for lepto

A

routine vaccination

vector (rodent) control

ASC 408G Swine Production (10 decks)

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