Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yoga Vocabulary > Sutton Gita > Flashcards

Sutton Gita Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Vocab Builder flashcards
1
Q

Abhyāsa

A

Regulated practice of a particular discipline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acharya

A

A teacher or interpreter of scripture, typically revered by groups of followers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ādityas

A

The twelve most prominent among the Vedic gods; the sons of Aditi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Advaita

A

Non-dualism; a strand of Vedanta philosophy that teaches absolute unity of ātman and Brahman, the individual self and the absolute reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ahaṁkāra

A

That part of our psychological makeup that gives us a sense of selfhood. Can also mean ‘pride’ and ‘arrogance’.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Akshara

A

That which does not decay; term applied to both individual ātman and to the Supreme Deity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antaryamin

A

The indweller; a term that can indicate either the ātman or the expansion of the Deity that is present in every being alongside the ātman.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Apana

A

The outward breath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Āsana

A

A sitting posture, as in yoga practice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Asura

A

A group of powerful superhuman beings who are generally vicious in nature and who are the eternal enemies of the gods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ātman

A

The spiritual entity that is present within every living being and which brings life to inert matter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Avatāra

A

One who crosses down; a manifestation of the Supreme Deity appearing in this world to restore the order of dharma set in place by the creation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Avidyā

A

Ignorance, absence of knowledge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Avyakta

A

Non-manifest, invisible; a term applied to the state of existence before creation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bhagavān

A

The exalted one, God; a term used for Krishna in the Bhagavad-gītā.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bhajan

A

A devotional song performed to glorify a deity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bhakti

A

Devotion; one of the paths advocated by the Bhagavad-gītā to achieve spiritual perfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brahma Sūtras

A

An early text compiled by Badarayana that purports to summarize the teachings of the Upanishads. Regarded as an authoritative source by acharyas of Vedanta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Brahmacharya

A

Celibacy or sexual restraint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Brahman

A

The ultimate reality that is the source of the world and is the world. Brahman is considered to be that which is all things, but for some acharyas, it is a term that dontes the Supreme Deity. In the Gītā, it is also used to be ‘the Vedic scriptures’ and ‘the basic substance of matter’.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Buddhi

A

The intellect; that part of a person’s mental composition that analyzes information and makes decisions based on that information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Buddhi-yoga

A

The withdrawal of the intellect from material desires so that action is performed with no aspiration for personal gain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dāna

A

Charity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Deva

A

A deity; a term that can be applied either to the one Supreme Deity or any of the lesser divine beings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dharma

A

Right action; there are a number of other meanings for the word, but in the Gītā it means ‘acting properly in accordance with pre-ordained rules or in relation to virtue.’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Dhriti

A

Resolve, determination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dhyāna

A

Meditation; controlling the mind and turning the vision inwards in order to gain direct perception of the ātman.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Duḥkha

A

Sorrow, misery, suffering.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Dvaita

A

Dualism; the understanding that the individual ātman and the Supreme Deity (Brahman) are absolutely and eternally distinct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Guṇas

A

The three strands or qualities that pervade everything material and exert an influence over our lives, our mentality, and the manner in which we conduct ourselves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Īshvara (Isha)

A

The controller; the Supreme Deity. The term is sometimes used for the ātman.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Japa

A

Quiet or silent recitation of a prayer or mantra.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Jīva, Jīva-bhūta

A

Another term used for the ātman, although it tends to apply to the ātman in its state of bondage in this world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Jñana

A

Knowledge; either an understanding of mundane affairs or the realization that brings enlightenment and liberation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Jñana-kanda

A

That portion of the Vedas that contains revelations about the nature of the self and the world. Typically applied to the Upanishads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Jñanin

A

One who possesses knowledge; an enlightened person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Jñeya

A

That which should be known; typically applied to the ātman, the object of knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Kaivalya

A

Aloneness, separation; a term for liberation used in Sāmkhya teachings to indicate the separation of the true self from matter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Kāla

A

Time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Kali-yuga

A

In Hindu cosmology, the present age, which is regarded as a period of decline and degradation amongst humanity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Kalpa

A

A period of creation from the time of the manifestation of the world until its withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Kāma

A

Desire, lust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Karma

A

Action and reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Karma-kanda

A

The portion of the Vedas that gives instruction on ritual acts to worship the Vedic deities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Karma-yoga

A

The performance of action without attachment or desire for gain; a part of the path leading to liberation from the world

46
Q

Kripa

A

Compassion

47
Q

Krodha

A

Anger

48
Q

Kshara

A

That which decays; the opposite of akshara; usually applied to anything that is material, although not to prakriti itself

49
Q

Kshatriya

A

The second of the four varnas; the social class that includes warriors and rulers

50
Q

Kshetra

A

The field; a Sāmkhya term for the body and the material manifestation

51
Q

Kshetrajña

A

The knower of the field; a synonym for ātman and purusha

52
Q

Mahābhārata

A

The vast Indian scripture of which the Bhagavad-gītā is one short passage.

53
Q

Mahatma

A

Great soul; a term of respect used for those who are enlightened

54
Q

Manas

A

The mind; that part of our psychological makeup that receives and categorizes perceptions received through the senses.

55
Q

Mantra

A

A hymn, prayer, or sacred sound; often used in meditation.

56
Q

Māyā

A

Illusion or divine power; used to denote the force that keeps living beings in a state of illusion about their own identity and that of the Supreme Deity

57
Q

Moksha

A

Liberation, release; a term used to denote the state of liberation from the cycle of karma and rebirth.

58
Q

Mūrti-pūjā

A

Worship of a deity in the form of a sacred image

59
Q

Nirvāna

A

An equivalent term for moksha; liberation from rebirth.

60
Q

Pandita

A

A learned scholar, or one who has achieved a state of enlightenment

61
Q

Papa

A

Sin, wicked action that produces unwanted karmic results; may also refer to these results as well

62
Q

Paramatman

A

The Supreme Soul; sometimes used to indicate the individual living entity and sometimes for the expansion of the Deity accompanying the individual ātman through the cycle of rebirth

63
Q

Parvan

A

A chapter or section of a composition. The eighteen books of the Mahābhārata are referred to as parvans

64
Q

Pinda

A

Offerings made on behalf of departed ancestors to ensure their well-being in the afterlife

65
Q

Pradhāna

A

Prakriti in its non-differentiated unevolved form; primal matter.

66
Q

Prakriti

A

Matter in both its non-differentiated primeval form and in its evolved variegated form as well. In its non-differentiated state, it is also referred to as pradhāna and avyakta.

67
Q

Prāna

A

The inward breath; also used to denote life itself or the breath of life

68
Q

Pranayama

A

A part of the yoga system that involves regulation of the breathing process.

69
Q

Prapatti

A

Absolute surrender to the will of the Deity and complete dependence upon him

70
Q

Priya

A

Beloved, one who is loved

71
Q

Puṇya

A

Piety, virtue; forms of action that lead to a favorable karmic result.

72
Q

Puranas

A

A group of eighteen Sanskrit works, mostly composed after the Bhagavad-gītā, some of which describe the deeds performed by Krishna and other avataras.

73
Q

Purusha

A

A person, a man; a synonym for ātman frequently used in Sāmkhya teachings.

74
Q

Purushottama

A

The Supreme Person; a term for the Supreme Deity which Krishna applies to himself

75
Q

Rājas

A

Passion, energy; one of the three guṇas, indicated by desire, passion, and intense activity for personal gain.

76
Q

Rakshasa

A

A type of powerful evil being inimical towards the gods and said to roam the forests at night

77
Q

Ramayana

A

An early Hindu scripture that recounts the life and deeds of the Rāma avatāra.

78
Q

Rishi

A

A sage or holy man; the rishis were the original recipients or ‘hearers’ of the Vedas

79
Q

Sādhu

A

A wise and holy person; often, a wandering mendicant who is capable of giving spiritual instruction

80
Q

Samādhi

A

The final state of yogic perfection, when the mind is absolutely tranquil and all thought processes are brought under control.

81
Q

Sāmkhya

A

An early system of Indian thought that emphasizes the absolute distinction between prakriti and purusha, matter and spirit, and liberation through the knowledge of that distinction.

82
Q

Samnyāsa

A

Renunciation of the world; often in relation to individuals who renounce their previous lives in pursuit of spiritual perfection

83
Q

Sattva

A

Truth, goodness, light; the first of the three guṇas; that which inspires virtue, knowledge, and joy in individuals.

84
Q

Shaivite

A

A devotee of Shiva who regards Shiva as the Supreme Deity

85
Q

Shanti

A

Peace, tranquility; a state of consciousness achieved through yoga practice

86
Q

Shastra

A

A text or scripture that gives instruction

87
Q

Shruti

A

That which is heard; the Vedic texts, including the Upanishads

88
Q

Shūdra

A

The fourth of the varnas; a member of the social class that is duty bound to perform work in the service of others

89
Q

Smriti

A

Scriptures that do not form a part of the Vedas, being composed by human beings.

90
Q

Sukha

A

Happiness, joy

91
Q

Suta

A

A charioteer; considered to be of lower birth

92
Q

Svabhāva

A

One’s inherent nature that is formed by a particular configuration of the guṇas; it is shaped by previous actions and exists within an individual from the time of birth

93
Q

Tamas

A

Darkness, ignorance; the lowest of the three guṇas, promoting indolence, stupidity, impurity, and disregard.

94
Q

Tapas

A

Acts of austerity undertaken in the hope of gaining some material or spiritual reward.

95
Q

Tyāga

A

Renunciation, as defined by Krishna in Chapter 18 of the Gītā

96
Q

Upanishads

A

Sacred texts from the Vedas that reflect on the true nature of the world and the individual

97
Q

Vairāgya

A

Detachment from material desires; an important element in the practice of yoga.

98
Q

Vaishnava

A

A devotee of Vishnu who regards Vishnu as the one Supreme Deity

99
Q

Vaishya

A

A member of the third of the four social classes who is expected to live by trade and agriculture

100
Q

Varnas

A

The four original social classes, Brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas, and shūdras

101
Q

Veda(s)

A

The original revelation of the sacred truth divided into four parts, the Rig, the Sama, the Yajur, and the Atharva Veda

102
Q

Vedanta

A

A group of religious and philosophical systems based on the teaching of the Upanishads, Brahma Sūtras, and Bhagavad-gītā.

103
Q

Vijñāna

A

Practical knowledge, or knowledge that brings a higher form of realisation

104
Q

Vishva-rupa

A

The form of the Deity that embodies the entire universe

105
Q

Yajña

A

The ancient ritual prescribed in the Vedas whereby offerings to the gods are made into the sacred fire

106
Q

Yoga

A

In the Bhagavad-gītā, a range of different religious practices. More specifically, the practice of mental restraint and inward meditation

107
Q

Yoga-maya

A

The divine potency by which the order of the universe is held in place and living beings are kept in a state of illusion

108
Q

Yoga-sūtras

A

A work composed by Patañjali later than the Bhagavad-gītā which discusses the philosophy and practice of the yoga system

109
Q

Yogin

A

A person who successfully engages in yoga practice.

110
Q

Yuga

A

One of the four ages in Indian cosmology; in the Bhagavad-gītā, the term is also used to indicate the total time period of all four yuga ages combined

111
Q

Yukta

A

Sometimes translated as ‘integrated,’ but more generally successful engagement in yoga practice

Yoga Vocabulary (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions