Sustainable manufacturing

Question 1

Give examples of driving forces for sustainable manufacturing

Answer 1

• Improved long-term competitiveness
• Cost reductions
• Improved environmental image of company/product
• Meet new market/customer demands
• Comply with environmental regulations and standards

Question 2

What kind of environmental constitutions and legislation do we have?

Answer 2

The environmental code (miljöbalken)

Question 3

Give examples of consideration rules (hänsynsregler)

Answer 3

1. The rule of burden (operator must show that rules are followed)
2. The requirement of knowledge
3. The principle of caution
4. The rule of product choice
   etc

Question 4

What is a standardised environmental management system?

Answer 4

A organization-oriented tool for efficient and well structured environmental work.

Clarifies what the environmental work should include, but no details on how or on what level

Question 5

Explain PDSA-cycle

Answer 5

For continious improvement you plan, do study and act

Question 6

What is an environmental study?

Answer 6

Mapping of how the operation affects the environment. Clarifies significant material and energy flows, emergencies and accidents, improvement possibilities etc.

Question 7

Explain an environmental policy

Answer 7

Its a short document that shows environmental principles and prioritized areas. The environmental work is evaluated against the policy

Question 8

Explain Development of Manufacturing and Products

Answer 8

In the middle, there is the product life cycle. Above it over “product manufacturer” is the manufacturing system development cycle. Below “Product manufacturer” is the product development cycle.

Question 9

What are the two kinds of manufacturing processes?

Answer 9

1. As a technical process
2. As an economic process.

Se slide för bildbeskrivning

Question 10

Name the manufacturing technologies of plastic parts

Answer 10

• Injection molding
• Extrusion
• Blow forming
• Film blowing
• Vacuum forming
• Rotation casting

Question 11

Describe the guidelines for improvning manufacturing processes according to the ecodesign strategy wheel

Answer 11

• Consider alternative production techniques
• Use fewer production steps
• Try to use lower/cleaner energy consumption
• Choose processes that generate less production waste
• Use fewer/cleaner production consumables
• Good work environment at manufacturing

Question 12

How can you choose processes that yield in lower emissions (eco design strategy wheel)

Answer 12

• Avoid materials from grey/blacklists
• Use as few chemicals as possible
• Use chemicals with long life time
• Reduce personnels contact with chemicals
• reuduce the need for cleaning during manufacturing

Question 13

What are the four categories of operations that is named “environmental hazardous operation”?

Answer 13

A, B, C and D
A - söker hos miljödomstol
B - söker hos länsstyrelsen
C - Anmälningsplikt till kommunen
D - free operations

Question 14

What are the central EMS components?

Answer 14

Environmental study (results in the environmental aspects) –> environmental policy and goals –> resources, organisations and competences –> routines and instruction –> monitoring and evaluations –> audition and management review

All this starts over and continious improvement is included throgh all components!

Question 15

What is environmental aspects?

Answer 15

Parts of an organization’s activites /operation, products or services that can affect the environment

Question 16

What is a significant environmental aspect?

Answer 16

An environmental aspect with significant environmental impact.

Question 17

What is environmental goals?

Answer 17

The engine in continious improvement. should be measureable but is not needed to be reached.

Question 18

What is flextronics?

Answer 18

Used when cleaning printed circuit boards from flux and fingerprints before lacquering. Had problems with eg. text disappering on components. Used a traditional cleaning method with hot water.

Question 19

What happened when Qlean method was introduced to the Flextronics?

Answer 19

Using ultra clean water instead.

• Improved cleaning results
• Better result in lacquering process
• No usage of chemicals –> less transports of chemicals and no transports of hazardous materials

Question 20

What are the conclusions on Qlean?

Answer 20

In comparison to traditional methods we have seen positive effects on the manufacturers product quality, overall business and the environment

Question 21

Name different types of supporting processes within facilities management

Answer 21

Lightning, electricity, ventilation and heating