Sustainability

Question 1

sustainability

Answer 1

the conservation of balance in the world’s ecology indefinitely

Question 2

sustainable development

Answer 2

the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs

Question 3

What are the three pillars of sustainability?

Answer 3

1. Environmental pillar
2. Economic pillar
3. Social pillar

Question 4

Environmental pillar

Answer 4

Protection of the environment, use of natural resources more wisely, addressing climate change

Question 5

Economic pillar

Answer 5

developing agriculture industry, reducing transportation of long distance, developing industry in an eco and cost effective way

Question 6

Social pillar

Answer 6

careful planning of future cities and towns, providing better education about sustainability

Question 7

Fuel

Answer 7

a substance that burns in oxygen to produce heat

Question 8

Hydrocarbons

Answer 8

(fossil fuels) compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen only

Question 9

How were fossil fuels formed?

Answer 9

formed from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago

Question 10

coal came from…

Answer 10

ferns and trees

Question 11

oil and natural gas came from…

Answer 11

animals and plants that lived in the sea

Question 12

Fossil fuels are burned to produce…

Answer 12

heat energy

Question 13

Fossil fuels are finite, i.e. they’re…

Answer 13

non-renewable

Question 14

The enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 14

1. Heat from the sun is trapped by carbon dioxide which causes temperatures to rise
2. carbon dioxide levels are increasing due to the burning of fossil fuels
3. problems: ice caps melt - increased flooding of land

Question 15

Biofuels

Answer 15

made by plants e.g. rapeseed oil, they’re renewable and they are also a cleaner fuel for the environment

Question 16

Crude oil

Answer 16

4% plastic, extracted from the ground but is impure and not very useful unless treated, contains useful hydrocarbons e.g. petrol and diesel

Question 17

Extraction of oil

Answer 17

‘fracking’ - very controversial process as it can potentially destroy a habitat beyond repair

Question 18

How is crude oil treated?

Answer 18

heated in ‘fractional distillation’ column (heated chamber) and the hydrocarbons are separated due to their mass.