Suspensions

Question 1

primary source

Answer 1

original research (ex. articles in research journals)

Question 2

secondary source

Answer 2

review articles

Question 3

tertiary source

Answer 3

summary versions with references to primary/secondary sources (ex. drug databases-Lexicomp, text books)

Question 4

Advantages of Oral Liquid Dosage Forms (2)

Answer 4

1. accommodate precise, non-standard dosing
2. easy to administer (oral, enteral feeding tubes)

Question 5

Disadvantages of Oral Liquid Dosage Forms (4)

Answer 5

1. less stable = shorter BUD
2. difficult to mask taste/smell
3. specific storage (refrigerator)
4. safety - requires measuring devices, adequate measuring abilities, variability in standard concentrations

Question 6

Standardize 4 Safety Initiative

Answer 6

effort to standardize medication concentrations to decr errors during transitions of care
a. use a commercial product 1st
b. consider taste/palatability - to incr pt tolerability
c. must have primary literature support with stability studies
d. reimbursement related to product use

Question 7

Precautions to Ensure safe compounding of oral liquid dosage forms: (8)

Answer 7

• standardize 4 safety initiative
• select compounding reciples from ASHP when possible
• verify dosing units
• label includes concentration AND dose as dosing units and ml
• store properly
• keep out of reach of children
• demonstrate measuring/administration

Question 8

Desired properties of compounded suspensions (4)

Answer 8

1. fine, uniform particles
2. uniform dispersion of particles in liquid
3. slow settling of particles
4. ease of redistribution when shaken

Question 9

How to manipulate properties to gain desirable suspensions:

Answer 9

1. decr particle size —– by triturating powders for small uniform size
2. decr difference in density between solid + liquid — by incr density of liquid (using sucrose, glycerin, sorbitol)
3. incr viscosity of liquid —- by using viscosity inducing agent (acacia, methylcellulose)
4. easy to redistribute when shaken —- using flocculating agents

Question 10

flocculating agents

Answer 10

electrolytes that create controlled, lacework-like structure of particles help together by weak bonds that break apart when shaken —- incr ease of redistribution when shaken

Question 11

BUD when stability specific formulation is not known

Answer 11

14 days