Surgical Syndromes Flashcards
What is afferent loop syndrome?
Obstruction of the afferent loop of a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy
What does ARDS stand for?
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (poor oxygenation caused by leaky capillaries)
What is Blind Loop syndrome?
Bacterial overgrowth of intestine caused
by stasis
What is Boerhaave’s syndrome?
Esophageal perforation
What is Budd-Chiari syndrome?
Thrombosis of hepatic veins
What is carcinoid syndrome?
Syndrome of “B FDR”: Bronchospasm Flushing Diarrhea Right-sided heart failure (caused by factors released by carcinoid tumor)
What is compartment syndrome?
Compartmental hypertension caused by edema, resulting in muscle necrosis of the lower extremity, often seen in the calf; patient may have a distal pulse
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
Excessive cortisol production
What is dumping syndrome?
Delivery of a large amount of hyperosmolar chyme into the small bowel, usually after vagotomy and a gastric drainage procedure (pyloroplasty/ gastrojejunostomy); results in autonomic instability, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?
Perihepatic gonorrhea infection
What is Gardner’s syndrome?
GI polyps and associated findings of Sebaceous cysts, Osteomas, and Desmoid tumors (SOD); polyps have high malig- nancy potential (Think: A Gardner plants SOD)
What is HITT syndrome?
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis syndrome: Heparin-induced platelet antibodies cause platelets to thrombose vessels, often resulting in loss of limb or life
What is Leriche’s syndrome?
Claudication of buttocks and thighs, Impotence, Atrophy of legs (seen with iliac occlusive disease) (Think: CIA)
What is Malory-Weiss syndrome?
Post-emesis/-retching tears in the gastric mucosa (near gastroesophageal junction)
What is Mendelson’s syndrome?
Chemical pneumonitis after aspiration of gastric contents
What is Mirizzi’s syndrome?
Extrinsic obstruction of the common hepatic bile duct from a gallstone in the gallbladder or cystic duct
What is Munchausen syndrome?
Self-induced illness
What is Ogilvie’s syndrome?
Massive nonobstructive colonic dilatation
What is Peutz-Jegher’s syndrome?
Benign GI polyps and buccal pigmenta- tion (Think: Peutz = Pigmentation)
What is Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
Syndrome of: 1. Esophageal web 2. Iron-deficiency anemia 3. Dysphagia 4. Spoon-shaped nails 5. Atrophic oral and tongue mucosa Typically occurs in elderly women; 10% develop squamous cell carcinoma
What is RED reaction syndrome?
Syndrome of rapid vancomycin infusion, resulting in skin erythema
What is refeeding syndrome?
Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia after refeeding a starved patient
What is Rendu-Osler-Weber (ROW) syndrome?
Syndrome of GI tract telangiectasia/A-V malformations
What is short-gut syndrome?
Malnutrition resulting from 200 cm of viable small bowel
What is SIADH?
Syndrome of Inappropriate AntiDiuretic Hormone (Think: Inappropriately Increased ADH)
What is another name for Sipple’s syndrome?
MEN II
What is superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome?
Obstruction of the SVC (e.g., by tumor, thrombosis)
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
Compression of the structures exiting from the thoracic outlet
What is Tietze’s syndrome?
Costochondritis of rib cartilage; aseptic (treat with NSAIDs)
What is toxic shock syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus toxin-induced syndrome marked by fever, hypotension, organ failure, and rash (desquamation— especially palms and soles)
What is Trousseau’s syndrome?
Syndrome of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) associated with carcinoma
What is another name for Wermer’s syndrome?
MEN I
What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
Gastrinoma and PUD
