Surgical Respiratory Distress Flashcards
What are the causes of Surgical respiratory distress?
-Esophageal atresia
-Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)
What is Esophageal atresia and when does it manifest?
Proximal atresia with distal fistula with the trachea (common type 85%)
It manifests in the first 24 hours
What is the clinical picture of Esophageal atresia and what are its associations?
-Continuous pouring of saliva, chocking and cyanosis
-Associations are: VACTREL as cardiac anomalies and imperforate anus
What are the investigations and treatment of Esophageal atresia?
-Ryle w x-ray, barium study and Echo for other anomalies
-Treatment: Right thoracotomy with closure of fistula and end to end anastomosis
What is CDH? And when does it manifest?
There are 2 types:
1-Bochdaleck hernia:
-Defect in the pleuropeeitoneal membrane
-posterior left
-more common 85%
-more complicated.
(Manifests early)
2-Morgagni hernia:
-Defect in the septum transversal
-Anterior right
-Less common
-Less complicated
(Manifests late)
What are the clinical picture and associations of CDH?
Clinical picture:
-With bockdaleck: cyanosis
-With Morgagni: Recurrent chest infection
-Both: check examination shows ⬇️Air entry on the left side of his chest and displaced Alex beat to the right side + scaphoid abdomen
What are the investigations and treatment of CDH?
-Investigations: X-Ray, Barium study, Echo
-Treatment: Abdominal incision with reducing content and closure of diaphragm.
What is Choanal atresia?
Presented by recurrent episodes of cyanosis. Those are worse during feeding and improve dramatically when the baby cries.
What is GERD?
It presents by vomits of milk, horsiness, aspiration and recurrent pneumonia increase by lying flat.
What is the H type of TOF?
It is a type of Tracheo-esophageal fistula which is discovered late be repeated chest infection (2-3%)
