Surgical Nursing Flashcards
A suture pack with a cutting needle would be used on ___?
Skin
What is Theopental
An ultra short acting barbituate that is a contraindicated drug for sighthounds (greyhounds and whippits), because they have almost no fat and recovery depends on redistribution to tissues. These breeds will have prolonged recoveries and greater complications with these drugs.
CN (cranial nerve) I
the olfactory nerve
CN (cranial nerve) II
Provides the sensory input to the brain to produce visual images. The retina is innervated by this nerve.
CN (cranial nerve) III
The oculomotor nerve
CN (cranial nerve) IV
The trochlear nerve
CN (cranial nerve) VI
The abducens nerve
Olsen-Hegar
(Needle holder with scissors) Used to hold and drive the needle, and cut the suture
Bachaus towel clamps
Used to clamp sx towles/drapes to the patient
Allis tissue forceps
Has finger holes like a scissors.
Used for grasping dense tissue, holding slippery tissue that will be excised, used in declaw procedures to put traction on the nail - has sharp teeth at the ends.
“ALLIS is not very gentle with my tissue!”
Rat tooth forceps
Good tissue grip (has the tiny puzzle piece tips) with minimal tissue damage.
Brown-adson forceps
Have fine teeth at the tips, used for grasping more delicate tissue
Spay hook
long hooked metal piece, looks like 1/2 a tweezer. Used to help find uterine horn during an ovariohysterectomy (spay)
Metzenbaum scissors
Used to cut delicate tissue, and used for blunt dissection
Rochester carmalt clamps (or forceps)
Has grooves on the blade (clamp) surface that run in the same direction as the length of the blade (parallel to the clamps). Used to clamp blood vessels and large tissues.
Mosquito hemostat
Used to clamp small blood vessels, may be curved or straight.
Kelly clamp (Kelly hemostatic forceps)
Has grooves that run perpendicular to the blades (clamps), used to clamp off bleeding vessels or vascular tissues, Grooves on the run (stop) halfway up the “blade”
Scalpel blade holder
acts as an extender to the scalpel blade
Iris scissors
Very fine, sharp scissors. Used for delicate dissection, such as the eye. Think IRIS (EYE-RIS, also iris is the color of your eye!), used to cut
Mayo scissors
Used for cutting thick tissues, used for blunt dissection on larger tissues
Balfour retractor
Used mostly in laparotomies (abdominal surgeries), self retaining, Used to hold open an incision site
Senn rake retractor
A hand held retractor used to retract soft tissue
Gelpi retractor
Self retaining, most often used in orthopedic and neuro surgeries, also used to put in a trach like a BOSS
Hartmann alligator forceps
Used for removing ear foreign bodies
Long like an alligator mouth!
Monofilamant suture
single stranded filament suture (nylon, PDS, or proline)
Multifilamant suture
braided filament, silk and vicryl. Handle easier but harbor more infection
The larger the suture number/size (i.e. 7-0), the ___ the diameter? ONLY if the number is “x-0”
Smaller
What is a round bodied surgical needle?
A needle used in firable tissue, i.e. liver and kidney
What is a cutting needle?
Triangular in shape with 3 cutting edges. Used to penetrate tough tissue such as skin and sternum. Sharp edge of needle on concave (inside) of curve.
What is a reverse cutting needle?
Sharp edge of needle on convex (outside) of curve. Ideal for tough tissue like tendon.
Define oblique fracture
A fracture which goes at an angle to the axis
Define a comminuted fracture
A fracture of many relatively small fragments
Define a spiral fracture
A fracture which runs around the axis of the bone
Define a compound fracture
A fracture which breaks the skin
Define a greenstick fracture
A fracture that is seen in young animals, where the fractured bone is soft, can bend, and be partially broken
Define onychectomy
Declawing :( Surgical nail removal where the distal phalanx is amputated
What is a sarcolemma?
The cell membrane which encloses a muscle fiber
Think… you need a lot of these to fight in the (sarcole)MMA
Where is the radial nerve?
Located in the forelimb (front), runs along the lateral aspect of the humerus
Where is the sciatic nerve?
Runs along the hind limbs
Where is the suprascapular nerve?
Higher up on the forelimb, shoulder
Where is the ulnar nerve?n
Runs along the medial aspect of the humerus, is more protected than the radial nerve.
What is hemostasis
To stop bleeding or hemorrhage
What is fibrinolysis
The process of breaking down a clot
What is hemolysis
The rupturing of erythrocytes (RBC)
Abduction is the movement ____ from the midline
Away, think shoulder abductions when working out
Adduction is the movement ___ the midline
Towards
After ___ hours of a laceration, the risk of infection and necrosis increase.
Eight
When a wound is classified as clean, or clean-contaminated, and is lavaged, sutured, and closed immediately, this is called ___ closure
Primary closure
______ ______ closure is used in clean-contaminated wounds, or contaminated wounds, and in performed 2-5 days later. Closure of the wound takes place before the development of granulation tissue
Delayed primary closure
_____ _____ is wound management consisting of lavage and wound debridement until granulation tissue develops (3-5 days), then the wound edges are excised and the skin edge are sutured over the granulation tissue.
Secondary closure
_____ _____ _____ is when a wound is allowed to heal by granulating in, wound contraction, and epithelialization. No surgical closure is performed.
Second intention healing
1 gram is equal to _____ milligrams
1000 mg = _g
What is a finochietto retractor used for?
Thoracotomies, to spread ribs apart
A malleable retractor is
a versatile retractor that can be bent in multiple directions to achieve the desired retraction. Has no sharp edges. Used to gently push delicate organs out of the way.
A meyerding retractor is typically used in ____ to hold _____ out of the surgical field
Orthopedics to hold muscle bellies out of the surgical field
The partial pressure of the oxygen in the alveoli in the lungs must be _____ than the partial pressure in the capillaries in order for the oxygen to diffuse.
Higher. Gas diffuses from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Trigone refers to :
A smooth triangular part of the internal urinary bladder, where the ureters and urethra are connected to the bladder.
The fundus is an anatomical term referring to:
The portion of an organ opposite from its opening. (i.e. fundus of the stomach)
Medulla generally refers to:
The middle of an organ (i.e. renal medulla)
Cortex generally refers to:
The outer layer of an organ (i.e. adrenal cortex)
What is a seroma?
A non infectious pocket of fluid at a surgery site.
What is an umbilical hernia?
Usually a small piece of fat protruding through the body wall that is not life threatening.
How do you treat a closed pyometra?
Ovariohysterectomy (spay)
What causes a pyometra?
Excessive or prolonged exposure to progesterone.
These are the only forceps in vet med used to atraumatically occluding a loop of bowel
Doyen forceps
The larger the suture size WITHOUT “-0”, so, “3” or “4”, the ____ the diameter of the suture
Larger
What are kern forceps?
Kern-Bone holding forceps have gripping teeth that allow them to manipulate bone fragments without slipping from the bone
What are rochester-Oschner forceps?
These are thin forceps that have a “rat tooth like” end.
What are the parts of the equine (horse) large intestine?
Horse large intestine starts with cecum, right ventral colon, sternal flexure, left ventral colon, pelvic flexure, left dorsal colon, diaphragmatic flexure, right dorsal colon, and small colon (NINE parts!)
What does articular refer to?
Joints
What does osseous refer to?
Bone
Where is the manubrium?
The most cranial bone in the sternum
What type of cells are bones made from?
Osteoblasts, which are mononucleate cells responsible for bone formation and come from bone marrow
What are osteocytes?
Cells inside of the bone
What are osteoclasts?
Large cells that dissolve the bone
What are chondrocytes?
Cartilage cells
What is the name of the portion of the stomach that attaches to the esophagus
The cardia
What is the name of the portion of the stomach that attaches to the duodenum?
The pylorus
What are doyens?
Doyen intestinal forceps are a curved, non crushing, occluding clamp with longitudinal grooves used to clamp off intestines.
Which muscles are part of the quadriceps?
Rectus femoris , vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius (4 total, QUAD)
A buccal mucosal bleeding test should result in a clot in what amount of time for a normal dog?
4 minutes or less
Anterior means:
Towards the head
Posterior means:
Away from the head
Where would you find a sertoli cell?
The testical. These are striated cells in the seminiferous tubules that provide nutrition to sperm cells.
What does FHO stand for?
Femoral head ostectomy. The removal of the femoral head from the hip joint. Performed when there is severe arthritis of the hip.
What is the maximum amount of time you should keep an esmarch bandage and tourniquet on during equine (horse) surgery?
2 hours. It is used to remove as much blood from the limb as possible to reduce bleeding.
What does asepsis imply?
There are no living organisms present.
