Pain management Flashcards
What is DSMO and what type of PPE do you need to wear wen administering it?
An anti inflammatory drug that can be given topically. PPE should be nitrile gloves vs latex because it can be absorbed trough the latex
________ is a potent opioid used to provide analgesia and sedation. A common side effect is vomiting.
Morphine
How long is a fentanyl patch usually left on for?
4 days
Phenylbutazone (bute) is often used for pain relief in horses and can cause _____.
Right dorsal colitis (This injectable NSAID used to reduce muscle inflammation can cause right dorsal colitis associated with ulcerations in this area of bowel)
When placing an epidural in a dog or cat, the spinal needle should be inserted between ___ and ___.
L7 and S1. There ate 7 lumbar (back vertebrae. It should be given between the 7th lumbar and the 1st sacral vertebra
_______ is a dissociative anesthetic drug used for induction and analgesia
Ketamine
How long does bupivacaine last?
Frequently 3-5 hours. possibly longer
Tramadol is often effective against what type of pain in dogs?
Bone pain
What drug is commonly used to sedate horses?
Xylazine. This is a very common sedative for horses that has sedative and analgesic effects. Another common drug is detomidine
Butorphanol fits into what drug category?
Partial mu agonist/antagonist. Torb provides analgesia by binding to the mu receptors while also reversing some actions of pure mu agonists (like morphine) due to its anatagonist properties, hence why sx service doesn’t like when we give torb for aus if they will go to sx
What does the autonomic nervous system refer to?
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
What does the CNS (central nervous system) consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of? (PNS)
Cranial and spinal nerves
Which nervous system is responsible for fight or flight?
Sympathetic nervous system
Which nervous system is responsible for “rest and digest”?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What effect does epinephrine have when added to lidocaine?
Epinephrine prolongs the effects of lidocaine. It causes local vasoconstriction, preventing rapid systemic absorption
What kind of fibers carry impulses away from the brain and/or spinal cord?
Efferent
What kind of nerves are found outside of the brain and spinal cord?
Peripheral nerves
_____ is an injectable anesthetic/tranquilizer used for restraint or anesthesia
Telazol
What is telazol made of? ____ and ____
Tiletamine and zolazepam (dissociative and benzodizepine)
What kind of anesthetic is ketamine considered?
A dissociative anesthetic
What kind of anesthetic is butorphanol considered?
An opioid anesthetic
____ is a local anesthetic of choice for use in dentistry because it can provide 3-5 hrs of pain relief.
Bupivacaine
Blood vessels are lined with a type of epithelium known as ____.
Endothelium
What is endothelium?
A thin layer of cells lining the inside surface of blood vessels.
Describe the hanging drop technique while placing an epidural
The patient is placed in sternal recumbency. The spinal needle is placed through the skin, and a drop of saline is put in the hub of the needle. When the needle is in the correct place, the drop will be sucked through the needle.
Buprenorphine falls under which drug category?
Opioid
_____ which category of drugs are inappropriate to give SQ?
Antibiotics
Epinepherine and norepinepherine are neurotransmitters associated with which nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system
Acetylcholine is associated with which nervous system?
Parasympathetic nervous system
The use of metecam (meloxicam) in cats, especially if used beyond a few days has been known to cause ______.
Kidney failure
The ___ is the nerve cell projection that conducts the electrical impulses away from the neuronal cell body. (carries impulses away)
Axon
Ketoprofen is an NSAID that is eliminated by which organ?
The kidneys, and should therefore not be used with patients with renal impairment
Which phenothiazine has anti-emetic properties?
Acepromazine
