Surgical Asepsis

Question 1

What is the prevention of microbial contamination of living tissues or sterile materials by excluding, removing, or killing microorganisms including pathogens and spores?

Answer 1

Asepsis

Question 2

What is the procedure that is performed under sterile conditions to prevent nosocomial infections?

Answer 2

Aseptic technique

Question 3

What “breaks the cycle of infection”, limiting the patients exposure to a number of microorganims that is NOT detrimental?

Answer 3

Aseptic technique

Question 4

What are the 6 steps to the Cycle of Infection?

Answer 4

1. Susceptible host
2. Pathogenic microorganisms
3. Reservoir or source
4. Portal of exit
5. Method of transmission
6. Portal of entry (SURGICAL WOUND)

Question 5

What does surgery “rob” a patient of?

Answer 5

A protective barrier, the skin

Question 6

What is the multiplication of an infectious agent INSIDE THE BODY tissues that results in cellular injury?

Answer 6

Infection

Question 7

What is an infection that is the result of treatment in the hospital?

Answer 7

Nosocomial infection

Question 8

When is a infection considered nosocomial?

Answer 8

If the infection appears after 48 hours after or 30 days within the time the patient was in the hosptial

Question 9

What is the most important source of an infectious organism?

Answer 9

Endogenous pathway

Question 10

What is an endogenous organism?

Answer 10

One that is a resident of the patient’s normal flora

Question 11

What is an EXOGENOUS organism?

Answer 11

One that comes from outside of the patient:
Operating room
Surgical instruments
Surgical team

Question 12

What does SSI stand for?

Answer 12

Surgical site infection

Question 13

For most SSI, what is the most common source of the pathogens involved in the infection?

Answer 13

Endogenous flora of the patient’s skin, mucous membranes, and hollow viscera

Question 14

What is the most common form of SSI?

Answer 14

Nosocomial infection

Question 15

What are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation?

Answer 15

Redness
Swelling
Heat
Pain
Loss of function

Question 16

What are the 5 common bacteria causing SSI?

Answer 16

Staphylococcus
E. coli
Streptococcus
Enterobacter
Enterococcus

Question 17

For each additional person in the operating room, by how much does the risk for surgical site infections increase?

Answer 17

1.3 times

Question 18

What is the overall post-operative infection rate in equine orthopedic surgery?

Answer 18

10%

Question 19

Surgeries lasting longer than ___ minutes had an increased risk of infection.

Answer 19

90

Question 20

Surgical asepsis involves proper preparation of what 4 things?

Answer 20

Facilities and environment
Surgical site
Surgical team
Surgical equipment

Question 21

Why must surgical personal wear proper attire?

Answer 21

Provides a barrier between sources of contamination, that patient and personnel

Question 22

What are the perimeters of the “sterile gown”?

Answer 22

Mid-chest to waist
&
2 inches above elbow

Question 23

True or false:

Sterile items within a wet wrapper are considered contaminated?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or false:

The edges of sterile containers are a part of the sterility as well, even after the package is opened.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

If a sterile object touches the sealing edges of the pouch that holds it during opening, it is considered ____.

Answer 25

Contaminated

Question 26

A sterile object or field becomes contaminated by ____ ____ when a sterile surface comes in contact with a wet contaminated surface.

Answer 26

Capillary action

Question 27

if the surgical team begins the surgery seated, they should what?

Answer 27

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