Preparation of Surgical Team

Question 1

True or false:

The surgical team is made up of sterile AND non-sterile members.

Answer 1

True

Sterile “scrubbed personnel work directly in the surgical field

Non-sterile members work in the PERIPHERY of the sterile surgical field

Question 2

In which areas of the operating room should shoe covers be worn?

Answer 2

Semi restricted & Restricted areas

Question 3

What percentage of glove defects occurred in procedures lasting more than 60 minutes?

Answer 3

84%

Question 4

When should the surgeon scrub for each operation?

Answer 4

PRIOR to gowning and gloving

Question 5

Which is better, Povidone Iodine OR Chlorhexidine Gluconate?

Why?

Answer 5

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

• Achieved greater reductions in skin microfloar than did pocidone iodine.
• Had greater residual activity after a single application.
• Is less irritating to the skin.

Question 6

What is the chemical composition of Nolvasan?

Answer 6

Chlorhexidine diacetate

Question 7

What are 2 drawbacks of traditional hand scrub with Povidone or Chlorhexidine?

Answer 7

1. Mechanical trauma to skin

2. Dryness and irritation due to detergent nature

Question 8

What is becoming the preferred method of scrubbing?

What is the composition of the scrub?

Answer 8

Scrubless solutions

1% Chlorhexidine + Ethyl alcohol

Question 9

What is the most commonly used skin antiseptic?

Answer 9

ALCOHOL

Question 10

When is alcohol most effective against bacterial populations?

Answer 10

When diluted to 60%-70% (isopropyl) or 70%-80% (ethyl alcohol)

Question 11

What do you called antimicrobial substances applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of infection?

Answer 11

Antiseptics

Question 12

What do you call the state of being clean and conducive to health; ex: hand washing and hand sanitizers.

Answer 12

Sanitation

Question 13

Which chemical is active against gram +, gram -, and enveloped viruses?

Answer 13

Alcohol

Question 14

Chlorhexidine gluconate is an example of which type of chemical?

Answer 14

Aldehyde

Question 15

Which chemical can NOT be used along with a saline solution?

Why?

Answer 15

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Precipitates to an inactive form when mixed with a saline solution

Question 16

What is the difference between BETADINE SURGICAL SCRUB & BETADINE SOLUTION?

Answer 16

Betadine Surgical Scrub contains 7.5% povidone-iodine and is a microbicidal sudsing cleanser that promptly kills a broad spectrumm of pathogens. It is used for hand hygiene, surgical hand-scrubbing, and topical degerming of patient’s skin prior to surgery. (MUST BE RINSED OFF)

Betadine Solution is an aqueous solution of 10% povidon-iodine. It is a fast-acting, broad sprectrum antiseptic that helps reduce bacteria that potentially can cause skin infection. It is used for degerming skin, wounds and mucous membranes, and for preoperative skin preparation of patients.

Question 17

Which type of bacterial agent is the Chlorhexidine gluconate and isopropyl alcohol combination ineffective against?

Answer 17

Bacterial spores (except at elevated tempertures)

Question 18

True or false:

Chlorhexidine binds strongly to skin, mucosa, and other tissues.

Why or why not?

Answer 18

True

Because of its CATIONIC nature, Chlorhexidine binds strongly to skin, mucosa, and other tissues and is thus very poorly absorbed.

Question 19

How long of protection does the scrubless solution (Endure 450) provide?

Answer 19

6 hours

Question 20

In one study, scrubbing for ___ or ___ minutes reduced bacterial counts to acceptable levels.

Answer 20

2 or 3 minutes

Question 21

True or false:

Hands need to part of the sterilization process.

Answer 21

False

Hands CANNOT be sterilized