Surgery: Phase 6 Advances in surgery 1920-1948 Flashcards
How did blood transfusions develop from 1920-48?
1920s: The first academic institution devoted to the science of blood transfusion was founded by Alexander Bogdanov in Moscow in 1925.
1930s: Flowing Bogdanov’s lead, the Soviet Union set up a national system of blood banks in the 1930s. The USA soon followed and Cook County Hospital in Chicago, established the first hospital blood bank in the United States.
1940s: In the late 1930s and early 1940s, Dr. Charles R. Drew’s research led to the discovery that blood could be separated into blood plasma and red blood cells, and that the plasma could be frozen separately. Blood stored in this way lasted longer and was less likely to become contaminated
WW2 - World War Two also saw the growth of the blood transfusion service from a relatively primitive organisation at the start of the war to a sophisticated well-oiled machine at the end, storing blood and distributing it to where it was needed.
Dr. Charles R. Drew’s research led to the discovery that blood could be separated into blood plasma and red blood cells, and that the plasma could be frozen separately. Blood stored in this way lasted longer and was less likely to become contaminated
How did plastic surgery develop during 1920-48?
Gillies stressed the importance of working with dental and other medical experts.
He traveled extensively in order to share his information.
He was joined by Archibald McIndoe
When WWII began, there were only 4 experienced plastic surgeons.
McIndoe worked with RAF pilots with burns.
The usual treatment involved a chemical coating to protect the area. It shrank the tissue around the burn so McIndoe started to use saline baths instead.
What was the Guinea Pig Club?
McIndoe’s pioneering work achieved international fame.
The pilots worked on by McIndoe were nicknamed Guinea Pigs because of the new techniques.
Much of his work was on skin grafts. Some of the pilots had over 30 operations.
The club reintroduced pilots with severe burns back into the community to ensure that they were being healed psychologically as well as physically.
Explain Filatov’s work on skin grafts
In 1916, he developed pedicle skin grafts and developed methods of grafts and transplants for the eyes.
