Surgery Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
anti-coagulant mechanism
A
prolong clotting time
2
Q
unfractionated heparin, Lovenox, and Coumadin are what kind of drug
A
anticoagulant
3
Q
antiplatelet mechanism
A
decrease platelet aggergation, inhibit thrombus formation
4
Q
eliquis, pradaxa, xarelto: what kind of drug
A
direct anticouags (inhibit Xa or thrombin)
5
Q
what drugs don’t need bridge therapy?
A
DOAC (eliquis, pradaxa, xarelto)
6
Q
when to stop ibuprofen before surgery
A
1 day
7
Q
when to stop NSAID, COXII inhibitor, DOACs?
A
2-3 days before
8
Q
when to stop ASA (aspirin)?
A
7-10d
9
Q
when to stop plavix and warfarin?
A
5 days (plavix up to 7d)
10
Q
for a VTE risk procedure… when to stop OCP/HRT?
A
4-6 weeks
11
Q
warfarin reversal agent
A
vitamin K
12
Q
pradaxa reversal agent
A
praxbind
13
Q
what meds might require bridge therapy?
when is bridge therapy approrpriate?
A
warfarin, plavix
approp when anticogulation outside therapetuic range
14
Q
clindamycin covers
A
gram +, anaroebes, MRSA
15
Q
PCNs cover
A
gram +
16
Q
cephalosporins cover
A
gram +
17
Q
Augmentin covers
A
gram + (broad), anaroebes
18
Q
Zosyn (piptazo) covers
A
gram +, gram -, anaroebes
19
Q
cipro covers
A
gram -, pseudomonas
20
Q
gentamycin
A
gram -, ESCAPMM
21
Q
cefurozime ceftriazone ceftazidime cefepime cover
A
gram -
22
Q
metronidazole covers
A
anaroebes
23
Q
moxifloxacin covers
A
anaroebes
24
Q
levofloxacin covers
A
psuedomonas
25
ceftazidime, cefepime cover
gram -, anarobes
26
tobramycin covers
gram -, ESCAPMM, psuedomonas
27
-penems cover
psuedomonas, gram -, gram +, ESCAPMM
28
linzolid covers
MRSA, G+, G-
29
vancomycin covers
G+, MRSA
30
doxycycline and minocycle cover
G+, MRSA
31
bactrim covers
G+, MRSA
32
cefazolin IV and clindamycin IV for what type of surgery
CLEAN
33
does clean surgery always need abx?
no
34
cefazolin + metronidazole together for what type of surgery
clean-contam
35
cefoxitin/cipro/levo + metronidazole for what type of surgery
contaminated
36
clindamycin + gentamicin for what type of surgery
contaminated
37
aztreonam for what type of surgery
contaminated
38
fluroquinolone for what type of surgery
contaminated
39
zosyn (piptazo) for what type of surgery
dirty
40
meropenem for what type of surgery
dirty
41
invanz for what type of surgery
dirty
42
unasyn for what type of surgery
dirty
43
primaxin for what type of surgery
dirty
44
timentin for what type of surgery
dirty
45
cefoxitin or what type of surgery
GI
46
cefoteten for what type of surgery
GI
47
clindamycin + aminoglycoside for what type of surgery
GI
48
surgical infection ppx - 3 options
piptazo
cefazolin
cefoxitin
49
abdominal surg ppx - 2 options
ampicillin/sulbactam
| ceftraizone + metronidazole
50
endocarditis ppx
cefazolin
51
pneumocystis PNA ppx
bactrim
52
allogenic bone transplant ppx
fluconazole
53
etomidate effect
sedation (no analgesia)
54
ketamine effect
analegesia, amnesia, sedation
55
thiopental effect
sedation
56
propofol effect
sedation, amnesia (no analgesia!)
57
propofol contraindicated if you are...
hypOtensive
58
fentanyl effect
sedation
59
midazolam effect
sedation, amnesia (no analgesia)
60
midazolam used in what condition when you come to the ER
status epilepticus
61
name 4 drugs used for neuromuscular blockade for RSA
suzamethonium
rocuronium
vecuronium
succinylcholine
62
heavy menstrual bleeding - what agent to use?
transexemic acid
63
tooth extraction w/ hemophilia - what agent to use?
transexemic acid
64
blood loss reduction in high blood loss surgeries - what agent to use?
transexemic acid
65
trauma associated hemmorhage - what agent to use?
transexemic acid
66
traumatic hyphema - what agent to use?
transexemic acid
67
name 3 indications for using recombinant VIIa
cogential deficiency of the enzyme
hemophilia (periop management)
intracerebral hemorrhage 2 to warfarin
68
paxil is a
SSRI
69
elavil is a
TCA
70
name 3 patch form analgesics
fentanyl, lidocine, salonpas
71
cox II inhibitor effect
non-opiod analgesic
72
celebrex effect and specific conditions used for (3)
anti-inflammatory
| OA, RA, acute pain
73
neurontin is a
GABA analog
74
lyrica is a
GABA analog
75
are oxycontin and MS contin short or long acting analgesics?
long
76
LSD schedule
I
77
ectasy schedule
I
78
heroin schedule
I
79
most opioids aside from tramadol schedule
II
80
adderall and ritalin schedule
II
81
tylenol w codeine schedule
III - because it has the tylenol so people probably won't take as much, but codeine depending on what its mixed w/ can be 2, 3,5
82
testosterone schedule
III
83
anabolic steroids schedule
III
84
xanax, valium, ativan, ambien schedule
IV
85
tramadol schedule
IV
86
lyrica schedule
V
87
robitussin schedule
V
88
motofen schedule
V
89
what would you use movantik for
opiod constipation
90
monvantik is CI in
GI obstruction/risk
| sensitivity to naloxegol
91
sevoflurane, desflurane are what kind of agents
maintenance anesthesia
92
NO what kind of agent
maintenance anesthesia
93
beta blockers
lidocaine
narcotic
what phase of anesthesia?
emergence
94
knee surgery - best route of anethesia?
spinal
95
total hip - best route of anethesia?
spinal
96
BS community acquired PNA BS abx
ceftriaxone IV
| allergic - levofloxacin IV
97
PS hospital PNA BS abx
zosyn (piptazo)
| allergic - meropenem, aztreonem
98
UTI community BS abx
ceftriaxone
| allergic - levo
99
UTI hospital BS abx
| also severe pyelonephtritis
meropenem IV
100
cellulitis abx (2 combos)
vanc + cirpo
| vanc + aztreonam
101
necrotizing fasciitis abx
zosyn (piptazo)
| allergic - meropenem, aztreonem
102
cellulitis w/ PVD
| also DM foot
zosyn (piptazo)
| meropenem, aztreonam
103
consequences of lack of cortisol
altered mental status
kidney damage
red. CO > HOTN
104
how to treat consequences of lack of cortisol
Fluids + pressors; if ineffective add steroids
105
septic shock - what pressor
NE (levophed)
106
cardiogenic shock - what pressor
dobutamine
107
extreme HOTN - what pressor
phenylephrine
| dopamine 2nd line
108
decompensated heart failure - what pressor
milronone
109
when to use vasopressin
adjunct w/ other pressor, cardiac arrest
| *spares NE*
110
cardiac arrest what pressor
epi
111
banana bag contents
thiamine, folic acid, Mg sulfate
112
ducosate is for
post op ileus prevention
113
zofran is for
prevention of post op n/v
114
promethazine (pherghan) is for
adjunct when zofran fails post op n/v
| SEDATION too
115
metoclompramide (reglan) is for
post op n/v unresponsive to zofran
116
alvimopan (entereg) is for
post op ileus
117
loperamide (Imodium) is for
symptomatic diarrhea
| bacterial colitis
118
appendicitis surgery ppx abx
cefazolin + metronidazole
119
acute cholecystitis ppx abx (1, 2, 3rd line)
1. none
2. cefazolin IV
3. clindamycin IV
120
cholangitis ppx abx (1, 2nd line)
1. zosyn IV q6h
| 2. metropenem IV q8h
121
perf viscous ppx abx
1. piptazo (zosyn) 1st line
2. cefepine + metronidazole
too any of the above, possibly add gentamycin/tobramycin; or vanc; or antifungal
122
diverticulitis ppx abx
1. oral fluroquinolone + metronidazole
2. IV fluroquino + metronidazole
3. ceftraizone + metronidazole
123
gold standard for MSSA
dicloxacillin
| nafcillin
124
clostridium classification
gram + bacilli and anarobic
125
lactobillis classification
G+ bacilli and anaroebic
126
N. gonorrhea, N meningitiditis, M. cat
gram - cocci
127
enterobacteraie
| klebsiella, enterobacter, e. coli
gram - bacilli
128
pseudomonas
G- , anarobe
129
candida
non-bacterial
130
gold standard for MRSA
vancomycin
131
cryptococcus
fungal
132
MC fungal infection
candida albicans
133
how is linzolid delivered?
IV
134
linzezolid potential AEs?
SSRI (it's a MAOI --> (seratonin syndrome)
| hematologic/neurologic toxicity if used for a while
135
seratonin syndrome - what is it
confusion, hyperactive, shaking
muscle twitches
diarrhea
fever
136
mechanism by which vancomycin causes red man syndrome
histamine release; when given too fast IV
137
when would you give vanc PO
colitis d/t C.diff
| enterocolitis d/t S. aureus
138
vanco CIs
kidney dz
hearing problems
pg
elderly
139
metronidazole contraindications
EtOH - disulfuriam reaction, which can include psychosis
140
DOC for anaroebic infections in general
metronidazole
141
name 3 macrolides
erythromycin
clarithromycin
azithromycin
142
z-pack BBW
cause fatal arrythmias and tosarde de pontes
143
bactrim (smx/tmp) CI
pregnant
144
name 3 aminoglycosides
amikacin (IV IM only)
tobramycin
gentamycin
145
clindamycin unfortunate side effect
C. diff (10%)
